
Ecosystem Health: The Concept, the ISEH, and the Important Tasks Ahead
1999; Springer Science+Business Media; Volume: 5; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1046/j.1526-0992.1999.09913.x
ISSN1526-0992
AutoresDavid J. Rapport, G. M. Böhm, D. L. Buckingham, John Cairns, Robert Costanza, James R. Karr, H. A. M. de Kruijf, Richard Levins, McMichael Aj, N. Ole Nielsen, Walter G. Whitford,
Tópico(s)Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
ResumoEcosystem HealthVolume 5, Issue 2 p. 82-90 Ecosystem Health: The Concept, the ISEH, and the Important Tasks Ahead D.J. Rapport, D.J. Rapport University of Guelph, Canada and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorG. Böhm, G. Böhm Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, BrazilSearch for more papers by this authorD. Buckingham, D. Buckingham College of Law, Centre for Studies in Agriculture, Law and the Environment, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorJ. Cairns Jr., J. Cairns Jr. Department of Biology, Center for Environmental and Hazardous Studies, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VirginiaSearch for more papers by this authorR. Costanza, R. Costanza Maryland International Institute for Ecological Economics and University of Maryland System Center for Environmental and Estuarine Studies, Solomons, USASearch for more papers by this authorJ.R. Karr, J.R. Karr Fisheries and Zoology Department, University of Washington, Seattle, USASearch for more papers by this authorH.A.M. De Kruijf, H.A.M. De Kruijf National Institute for Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorR. Levins, R. Levins Harvard School of Public Health, Cambridge, MassachusettsSearch for more papers by this authorA.J. McMichael, A.J. McMichael London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, U.K.Search for more papers by this authorN.O. Nielsen, N.O. Nielsen Professor Emeritus, Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorW.G. Whitford, W.G. Whitford U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Characterization Research Division, Las Vegas, NevadaSearch for more papers by this author D.J. Rapport, D.J. Rapport University of Guelph, Canada and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorG. Böhm, G. Böhm Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, BrazilSearch for more papers by this authorD. Buckingham, D. Buckingham College of Law, Centre for Studies in Agriculture, Law and the Environment, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorJ. Cairns Jr., J. Cairns Jr. Department of Biology, Center for Environmental and Hazardous Studies, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VirginiaSearch for more papers by this authorR. Costanza, R. Costanza Maryland International Institute for Ecological Economics and University of Maryland System Center for Environmental and Estuarine Studies, Solomons, USASearch for more papers by this authorJ.R. Karr, J.R. Karr Fisheries and Zoology Department, University of Washington, Seattle, USASearch for more papers by this authorH.A.M. De Kruijf, H.A.M. De Kruijf National Institute for Public Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorR. Levins, R. Levins Harvard School of Public Health, Cambridge, MassachusettsSearch for more papers by this authorA.J. McMichael, A.J. McMichael London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, U.K.Search for more papers by this authorN.O. Nielsen, N.O. Nielsen Professor Emeritus, Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorW.G. Whitford, W.G. Whitford U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Characterization Research Division, Las Vegas, NevadaSearch for more papers by this author First published: 24 December 2001 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-0992.1999.09913.xCitations: 105 Address correspondence to: Dr. David Rapport, College Faculty of Environmental Design and Rural Development, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada. E-mail: [email protected]. Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat REFERENCES Böhm, G.M. & Saldiva, P.H.N. (1998) Science as a promoter of environmental and human health: The experience of Sao Paulo’s air pollution. Ecosystem Health 4, 196 198. Bormann, F.H. (1996) Ecology: A personal history. Annual Review of Energy and Environment 21, 1 29. Buckingham, D. (1998) Does the World Trade Organization care about ecosystem health? Ecosystem Health 4, 92 108. Cairns, J., Jr. (1994) Eco-Societal Restoration: Re-examining Human Society’s Relationship with Natural Systems. The Abel Wolman Distinguished Lecture, National Academy of Sciences, December 5, 1994. Cairns, J., Jr. (1997a) Sustainability, ecosystem services, and health. International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology 4, 153 165. Cairns, J., Jr. (1997b) Defining goals and conditions for a sustainable world. Environmental Health Perspectives 105, 1164 1170. Cairns, J., Jr. (1998) Endpoints and thresholds in ecotoxicology. In: G. Schüürmann & B. Markert (eds) Ecotoxicology. pp. 751 768. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. & Spektrum Akademisher Verlag, New York Cairns, J., Jr. & Bidwell, J.R. (1996a) Discontinuities in technological and natural systems caused by exotic species. Biodiversity and Conservation 5, 1085 1094. Cairns, J., Jr. & Bidwell, J.R. (1996b) The modification of human society by natural systems: Discontinuities caused by the exploitation of endemic species and the introduction of exotics. Environmental Health Perspectives 104, 1142 1145. Callicott, J.B. (1992) Aldo Leopold’s Metaphor. In: Costanza, R., Norton, B.G., Haskell, B.D. (eds) Ecosystem Health: New Goals for Environmental Management. Island Press, Washington, D.C. Calow, P. (1992) Can ecosystems be healthy? Critical considerations of concepts. Journal of Aquatic Ecosystem Health 1, 1 5. Chadwick, O.A., Derry, L.A., Vitousek, P.M., Huebert, B.J., Hedin, L.O. (1999) Changing sources of nutrients during four million years of ecosystem development. Nature 397, 491 497. Costanza, R. (1992) Toward an operational definition of ecosystem health. In: R. Costanza, B.G. Norton, B.D. Haskell (eds) Ecosystem Health: New Goals for Environmental Management. pp. 239 256. Island Press, Washington, D.C Costanza, R., Norton, B.G., Haskell, B.D. (eds) (1992) Ecosystem Health: New Goals for Environmental Management. Island Press, Washington, D.C Costanza, R., D’Agre, R., De Groot, R., Farber, S., Grasso, M., Hannon, B., Naeem, S., Limburg, K., Paruelo, J., O’Neill, R.V., Raskin, R., Sutton, P., Van Den Belt, M. (1997) The value of the world’s ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature 387, 253 260. De Kruijf, H.A.M. & Van Vuuren, D.P. (1998) Following sustainable development in relation to the north–south dialogue: Ecosystem health and sustainability indicators. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 40, 4 14. Ehrenfeld, D. (1995) The marriage of ecology and medicine: are they compatible? Ecosystem Health 1, 15 22. Epstein, P.A. (1995) Emerging diseases and ecosystem instabilities: New threats to public health. American Journal of Public Health 85, 168 172. Farnsworth, E. (1995) Oikos and ethos: Setting our house in order. TREE 10, 56 57. Fausch, K.D., Lyons, J., Karr, J.R., Angermeir, P.L. (1990) Fish communities as indicators of environmental degradation. American Fisheries Society Symposium8, 123–144. Gaudet, C.L., Wong, M.P., Brady, A., Kent, R. (1997) The transition from environmental quality to ecosystem health. Ecosystem Health 3, 3 10. Hildén, M. & Rapport, D.J. (1993) Four centuries of cumulative impacts on a Finnish river and its estuary; an ecosystem health approach. Journal of Aquatic Ecosystem Health 2, 261 275. Huq, A. & Colwell, R.R. (1996) Vibrios in the marine and estuarine environment: Tracking Vibrio Cholerae. Ecosystem Health 2, 198 214. Hutton, J. (1788) Theory of the earth: Or an investigation of laws, observable in the composition, dissolution and restoration of land upon the globe. Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh 1, 209 304. van Ierland, E.C., de Kruijf, H.A.M., van der Heide, C.M. (1998) Attitudes and the Value of Biodiversity. Wageningen University, ISBN 90–6754–525–2, 61 pp. Johnson, G.D. & Patil, G.P. (1998) Quantitative multiresolution characterization of landscape patterns for assessing the status of ecosystem health in watershed management areas. Ecosystem Health 4, 177 187. Karr, J.R. (1993) Protecting ecological integrity: An urgent societal goal. Yale Journal of International Law 18, 297 306. Karr, J.R. (1999) Defining and measuring river health. Freshwater Biology 41, 221 234. Karr, J.R. & Chu, E.W. (1995) Ecological integrity: Reclaiming lost connections. In: L. Westra & J. Lemons (eds) Perspectives on Ecological Integrity. pp. 34 48. Kluwer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands. Karr, J.R. & Chu, E.W. (1999) Restoring life in Running Waters: Better Biological Monitoring. Island Press, Washington, D.C Karr, J.R., Fausch, K.D., Angermeier, P.L., Yant, P.R., Schlosser, I.J. (1986) Assessing Biological Integrity in Running Waters: A Method and Its Rationale. Illinois Natural History Survey Special Publication 5, Champaign, Illinois. Kevan, P.G. & Belaoussoff, S. (1998) Toward an ecological approach for the assessment of ecosystem health. Ecosystem Health 4, 4 8. Kevan, P.G., Greco, C.F., Belaoussoff, S. (1997) Log-normality of biodiversity and abundance in diagnosis and measuring of ecosystem health: Pesticide stress on pollinators on blueberry heaths. Journal of Applied Ecology 34, 1122 1136. Levins, R. (1995) Preparing for uncertainty. Ecosystem Health 1, 47 57. Levins, R., Awerbuch, T., Brinkmann, U., Eckardt, I., Epstein, P., Makhoul, N., Albuquerque de Possas, C., Puccia, C., Spielman, A., Wilson, M.E. (1994) The emergence of new diseases. American Scientist 82, 52 60. Mageau, M.T., Costanza, R., Ulanowicz, R.E. (1995) The development and initial testing of a quantitative assessment of ecosystem health. Ecosystem Health 1, 201 213. McMichael, A.J. (1993) Planetary Overload: Global Environmental Change and the Health of the Human Species. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K. McMichael, A.J. (1997) Global environmental change and human health: Impact assessment, population vulnerability, research priorities. Ecosystem Health 3, 200 210. McMichael, A.J., Bolin, B., Costanza, R., Daily, G.C., Folke, C., Lindahl-Kiessling, K., Lindgren, E., Niklasson, B. (1999) Globalization and the sustainability of health: An ecological perspective. BioScience 49, 205 210. McMichael, A.J. & Martens, W.J.M. (1995) Health impacts of global climate change: grappling with scenarios, predictive models, and multiple uncertainties. Ecosystem Health 1, 23 33. Nielsen, N.O. (1992) Ecosystem health and veterinary medicine. Canadian Veterinary Journal 33, 23 26. Odum, E.P. (1995) Profile analysis and some thoughts on the development of the interface area of environmental health. Ecosystem Health 1, 41 46. Patz, J.A., Epstein, P.R., Burke, T.A., Balbus, J.M. (1996) Global climate change and emerging infectious diseases. Journal of the American Medical Association 275, 217 223. Rapport, D.J. (1989) What constitutes ecosystem health? Perspectives Biology and Medicine 33, 120 132. Rapport, D.J. (1995) Ecosystem health: Exploring the territory. Ecosystem Health 1, 5 13. Rapport, D.J., Christensen, N., Karr, J.R., Patil, G.P. (1999a) The centrality of ecosystem health in achieving sustainability in the 21st century: Concepts and new approaches to environmental management. Transactions/Memoirs of the Royal Society of Canada. University of Toronto Press (in press). Rapport, D.J., McMichael, A.J., Costanza, R. (1999b) Assessing ecosystem health: A reply to Wilkins. TREE 14, 69 70. Rapport, D.J., Epstein, P.R., Levins, R., Costanza, R., Gaudet, C. (1998a) Ecosystem Health. Blackwell Science, Inc., Malden, Massachusetts. Rapport, D.J., Gaudet, C., Karr, J.R., Baron, J.S., Bohlen, C., Jackson, W., Jones, B., Naimon, R.J., Norton, B., Pollock, M.M. (1998b) Evaluating landscape health: Integrating societal goals and biophysical process. Journal of Environmental Management 53, 1 15. Rapport, D.J., Costanza, R., McMichael, A.J. (1998c) Assessing ecosystem health: Challenges at the interface of social, natural and health sciences. TREE 13, 397 402. Rapport, D.J., Gaudet, C.L., Calow, P. (eds) (1995) Evaluating and Monitoring the Health of Large-Scale Ecosystems. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. Rapport, D.J., Regier, H.A., Hutchinson, T.C. (1985) Ecosystem behavior under stress. The American Naturalist 125, 617 640. Rapport, D.J., Regier, H.A., Thorpe, C. (1981) Diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of ecosystems under stress. In: Barrett, G.W. & Rosenberg, R. (eds) Stress Effects on Natural Ecosystems. John Wiley and Sons, New York. Rapport, D.J., Thorpe, C., Regier, H.A. (1979) Ecosystem medicine. Bulletin of Ecological Society of America 60, 180 182. Rapport, D.J. & Whitford, W.G. (1999) How ecosystems respond to stress: Common responses of aquatic and arid systems. BioScience 49, 193 202. Ribble, C., Hunter, B., Lariviere, N., Belanger, D., Wobeser, G., Daoust, P.Y., Leighton, T., Waltner-Toews, D., Davidson, J., Spangler, E., Nielsen, O. (1997) Ecosystem health as a clinical rotation for senior students in Canadian veterinary schools. Canadian Veterinary Journal 38, 485 490. Roth, N.E., Allan, J.D., Erickson, D.E. (1996) Landscape influences on stream biotic integrity assessed at multiple spatial scales. Landscape Ecology 11, 141 156. Salim, E., Ullsten, O., Cropper, A. (eds) (1999) Report of the World Commission on Forests and Sustainable Development. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K. (in press). Schaeffer, D.J., Henricks, E.E., Kerster, H.W. (1988) Ecosystem health: 1. Measuring ecosystem health. Environmental Management 12, 445 455. Shrader-Frechette, K . (1994) Ecosystem health: A new paradigm for ecological assessment? TREE 9, 456 457. Simon, T.P. (ed) (1999) Assessing the Sustainability and Biological Integrity of Water Resources Using Fish Communities. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. Somerville, M.A. (1995) Planet as patient. Ecosystem Health 1, 61 72. Somerville, M.A. & Rapport, D.J. (eds) (1999) Transdisciplinarity: Re-creating Integrated Knowledge. EOLSS Publishers, Oxford, U.K. (in press). Suter, G.W. (1993) A critique of ecosystem health concepts and indexes. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 112, 1533 1539. Tolba, M.K., El-Kholy, O.A., El-Hinnawi, E., Holdgate, M.W., McMichael, D.F., Munn, R.E. (eds) (1992) The World Environment 1972–1992: Two Decades of Challenge. Chapman & Hall, New York. Ullsten, O. (1998) The world forest crisis: The five imperatives for a sustainable future. Ecosystem Health 4, 130 133. Vitousek, P.M., Mooney, H.A., Lubchenco, J., Melillo, J.M. (1997) Human domination of earth’s ecosystems. Science 277, 464 499. Wilkins, D.A. (1999) Assessing ecosystem health. TREE 14, 69. Wolman, M.G. (1995) Human and ecosystem health: Management despite some incompatibility. Ecosystem Health 1, 35 40. Yazvenko, S.B. & Rapport, D.J. (1997) The history of Ponderosa pine pathology: Implications for management. Journal of Forestry 95, 16 20. Citing Literature Volume5, Issue2June 1999Pages 82-90 ReferencesRelatedInformation
Referência(s)