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BIBTEX RIS

524: Polymicrobial infection of gardnerella vaginalis and genital mycoplasmas—but not genital mycoplasmas alone—induces higher fetal membrane pro-inflammatory cytokine response

2014; Elsevier BV; Volume: 212; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.ajog.2014.10.570

ISSN

1097-6868

Autores

Nathalia Noda Nicolau, Jossimara Polettini, Marcia Silva, Marian Kacerovský, Talar Kechichian, George R. Saade, Morgan R. Peltier, Ramkumar Menon,

Tópico(s)

Reproductive System and Pregnancy

Resumo

Preterm birth (PTB) has been tightly related to amniotic presence of genital Mycoplasmas (Mycoplasma hominis (MH) and Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU)). However, the microbial diversity can trigger differential immune response. We analyzed cytokine production during polymicrobial infection with MH, UU and Gardnerella vaginalis (GV) in human fetal membranes. Fetal membranes from normal term Cesareans (n=6), not in labor, were treated with heat inactivated MH, UU and GV at 106CFU. The studied groups: unstimulated (control), absence of GV [group 1: MH, UU or MH+UU(106CFU)] and presence of GV [group 2: GV, MH+UU+GV(106CFU), MH+UU(106CFU)+GV(103CFU) or MH+UU(103CFU)+GV(106CFU)] were evaluated regarding pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines [IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IL-12, GM-CSF and, IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, respectively] by Multiplex assay. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test. A principal component analysis (PCA) using all parameters was performed to represent the comparison between groups 1 and 2. Single or combined genital Mycoplasmas stimulation (group 1) had no impact on any pro-inflammatory cytokine, while the combination with GV or GV alone had marked increase in all, but IL-12, compared to control. Also, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α were statistically higher in group 2 compared to group 1. Group 1 increased anti-inflammatory IL-13, while group 2 increased both IL-10 and IL-13 compared to control. Presence of GV produced a distinct immune response in PCA analysis (Figure 1). Genital Mycoplasmas combined with GV, but not single or mixed, lead to a pro-inflammatory profile in fetal membranes. Thus, the single amniotic presence of MH and UU, well known PTB-associated risk factor, does not induce an exacerbated pro-inflammatory environment, therefore, might not activate the inflammatory-related PTB-pathways. The precise role of genital Mycoplasmas as either risk modifier or probiotics needs further evaluation.

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