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Maximum Li storage in Si nanowires for the high capacity three-dimensional Li-ion battery

2010; American Institute of Physics; Volume: 96; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1063/1.3299006

1520-8842

Kibum Kang, Hyun-Seung Lee, Dong‐Wook Han, Gil-Sung Kim, Donghun Lee, Geunhee Lee, Yong‐Mook Kang, Moon‐Ho Jo,

Semiconductor materials and devices

Nanowires can serve as three-dimensional platforms at the nanometer scale for highly efficient chemical energy storage and conversion vehicles, such as fuel cells and secondary batteries. Here we report a coin-type Si nanowire (NW) half-cell Li-ion battery showing the Li capacity of approximately 4000 mAh/g, which nearly approaches the theoretical limit of 4200 mAh/g, with very high Coulombic efficiency of up to 98%. Concomitantly, we provide direct evidence of reversible phase transitions in the Si NW anodes at the full electrochemical cycles, varying from pure Si to Li22Si5 phase, which has been known empirically inaccessible in the bulk limit.