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Neurological disease in HIV-infected patients in the era of highly active antiretroviral treatment: a Brazilian experience

2006; Brazilian Society of Tropical Medicine; Volume: 39; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1590/s0037-86822006000200002

1678-9849

Jacqueline Ferreira de Oliveira, Dirceu Bartolomeu Greco, Guilherme Oliveira, Paulo Pereira Christo, Mark Drew Crosland Guimarães, Rodrigo Corrêa‐Oliveira,

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment

To study characteristics of neurological disorders in HIV/AIDS patients and their relationship to highly active antiretroviral treatment, a cross-sectional study was conducted in an infectious disease public hospital in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, between February 1999 and March 2000. Of the 417 patients enrolled, neurological disease was observed in 194 (46.5%) and a new AIDS-defining neurological event developed in 23.7% of individuals. Toxoplasmosis (42.3%), cryptococcosis meningitis (12.9%) and tuberculosis (10.8%) were the most common causes of neurological complications. The majority (79.3%) of patients were on highly active antiretroviral treatment and these individuals using HAART showed higher CD4 cell counts (p = 0.014) and presented stable neurological disease (p = 0.0001), although no difference was found with respect to the profile of neurological complications. The neurological diseases continue to be a frequent complication of HIV/AIDS and infections are still its main causes in Brazil, even in the highly active antiretroviral treatment era.