Smoking modification procedures tailored to subject characteristics
1971; Elsevier BV; Volume: 2; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1016/s0005-7894(71)80004-7
ISSN1878-1888
AutoresJ. Allan Best, Richard A. Steffy,
Tópico(s)Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
ResumoExplanations of treatment were devised to capitalize on the individual differences of smoking clinic clientele volunteering for a standard aversive conditioning treatment. The experimental design permitted study of the interactions of specially tailored explanations and the individual difference dimensions from which the commentaries were derived. The primary goal of the study was to contrast the utility of an internalized “willpower”-oriented approach to smoking control with an externalized environmentbased approach to self-control and to analyze the relative worth of these procedures for clients falling at the high and low end of the Rotter LOC scale. Also, procedures designed to induce dissonance gave an opportunity to test the application of a dissonance model and, in post hoc analyses, to study the interaction of the dissonance-inducing procedure with pretreatment levels of dissonance as measured by Keutzer's ECD scale. The results failed to show promise for the control manipulation or its interaction with LOC scores, but the dissonance procedure alone and in interaction with the ECD scores produced positive findings. It was noticed that greater levels of induced dissonance produced greater reductions in smoking, and that the best improvements occurred in subjects with high natural dissonance scores who received the low dissonance procedures, and low dissonance score subjects who received the strong dissonance induction.
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