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CpG oligonucleotides as adjuvants for vaccines targeting infectious diseases

2009; Elsevier BV; Volume: 61; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.addr.2008.12.012

1872-8294

Dennis M. Klinman, Sven Klaschik, Takashi Sato, Debbie Tross,

T-cell and B-cell Immunology

Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) containing unmethylated CpG motifs act as immune adjuvants, accelerating and boosting antigen-specific immune responses. CpG motifs promote the induction of Th1 and pro-inflammatory cytokines and support the maturation/activation of professional antigen presenting cells (particularly plasmacytoid dendritic cells). These effects are optimized by maintaining close physical contact between the CpG ODN and the immunogen. Co-administering CpG ODN with a variety of vaccines has improved the resultant humoral and/or cellular immune responses, culminating in enhanced protective immunity in rodent and primate challenge models. Ongoing clinical studies indicate that CpG ODN are safe and well-tolerated when administered as adjuvants to humans, and that they can support increased vaccine-specific immune responses.