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Small RNA deep sequencing reveals a distinct miRNA signature released in exosomes from prion-infected neuronal cells

2012; Oxford University Press; Volume: 40; Issue: 21 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1093/nar/gks832

1362-4962

Shayne A. Bellingham, Bradley M. Coleman, Andrew F. Hill,

MicroRNA in disease regulation

Prion diseases are transmissible neurodegenerative disorders affecting both humans and animals. The cellular prion protein, PrP C , and the abnormal infectious form, PrP Sc , are found associated with exosomes, which are small 50–130 nm vesicles released from cells. Exosomes also contain microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of non-coding RNA, and have been utilized to identify miRNA signatures for diagnosis of disease. While some miRNAs are deregulated in prion-infected brain tissue, the role of miRNA in circulating exosomes released during prion disease is unknown. Here, we investigated the miRNA profile in exosomes released from prion-infected neuronal cells. We performed the first small RNA deep sequencing study of exosomes and demonstrated that neuronal exosomes contain a diverse range of RNA species including retroviral RNA repeat regions, messenger RNA fragments, transfer RNA fragments, non-coding RNA, small nuclear RNA, small nucleolar RNA, small cytoplasmic RNA, silencing RNA as well as known and novel candidate miRNA. Significantly, we show that exosomes released by prion-infected neuronal cells have increased let-7b, let-7i, miR-128a, miR-21, miR-222, miR-29b, miR-342-3p and miR-424 levels with decreased miR-146 a levels compared to non-infected exosomes. Overall, these results demonstrate that circulating exosomes released during prion infection have a distinct miRNA signature that can be utilized for diagnosis and understanding pathogenic mechanisms in prion disease.