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Prevalence and risk of D own syndrome in monozygotic and dizygotic multiple pregnancies in E urope: implications for prenatal screening

2014; Wiley; Volume: 121; Issue: 7 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1111/1471-0528.12574

1471-0528

Breidge Boyle, Joan K. Morris, Roy McConkey, Ester Garne, Maria Loane, MC Addor, Miriam Gatt, Martin Haeusler, Anna Latos‐Bieleńska, Nathalie Lelong, Robert McDonnell, Carmel Mullaney, Mary O’Mahony, Helen Dolk,

Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies

Objective To determine risk of D own syndrome ( DS ) in multiple relative to singleton pregnancies, and compare prenatal diagnosis rates and pregnancy outcome. Design Population‐based prevalence study based on EUROCAT congenital anomaly registries. Setting Eight European countries. Population 14.8 million births 1990–2009; 2.89% multiple births. Methods DS cases included livebirths, fetal deaths from 20 weeks, and terminations of pregnancy for fetal anomaly ( TOPFA ). Zygosity is inferred from like/unlike sex for birth denominators, and from concordance for DS cases. Main outcome measures Relative risk ( RR ) of DS per fetus/baby from multiple versus singleton pregnancies and per pregnancy in monozygotic/dizygotic versus singleton pregnancies. Proportion of prenatally diagnosed and pregnancy outcome. Statistical analysis Poisson and logistic regression stratified for maternal age, country and time. Results Overall, the adjusted (adj) RR of DS for fetus/babies from multiple versus singleton pregnancies was 0.58 (95% CI 0.53–0.62), similar for all maternal ages except for mothers over 44, for whom it was considerably lower. In 8.7% of twin pairs affected by DS , both co‐twins were diagnosed with the condition. The adj RR of DS for monozygotic versus singleton pregnancies was 0.34 (95% CI 0.25–0.44) and for dizygotic versus singleton pregnancies 1.34 (95% CI 1.23–1.46). DS fetuses from multiple births were less likely to be prenatally diagnosed than singletons (adj OR 0.62 [95% CI 0.50–0.78]) and following diagnosis less likely to be TOPFA (adj OR 0.40 [95% CI 0.27–0.59]). Conclusions The risk of DS per fetus/baby is lower in multiple than singleton pregnancies. These estimates can be used for genetic counselling and prenatal screening.