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A fast algorithm for voxel-based deterministic simulation of X-ray imaging

2007; Elsevier BV; Volume: 178; Issue: 7 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.cpc.2007.11.008

1879-2944

Ning Li, Huaxia Zhao, Sang‐Hyun Cho, Jung-Gil Choi, Myoung‐Hee Kim,

Digital Radiography and Breast Imaging

Deterministic method based on ray tracing technique is known as a powerful alternative to the Monte Carlo approach for virtual X-ray imaging. The algorithm speed is a critical issue in the perspective of simulating hundreds of images, notably to simulate tomographic acquisition or even more, to simulate X-ray radiographic video recordings. We present an algorithm for voxel-based deterministic simulation of X-ray imaging using voxel-driven forward and backward perspective projection operations and minimum bounding rectangles (MBRs). The algorithm is fast, easy to implement, and creates high-quality simulated radiographs. As a result, simulated radiographs can typically be obtained in split seconds with a simple personal computer. Program title: X-ray Catalogue identifier: AEAD_v1_0 Program summary URL: http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/AEAD_v1_0.html Program obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen's University, Belfast, N. Ireland Licensing provisions: Standard CPC licence, http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/licence/licence.html No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 416 257 No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 6 018 263 Distribution format: tar.gz Programming language: C (Visual C++) Computer: Any PC. Tested on DELL Precision 380 based on a Pentium D 3.20 GHz processor with 3.50 GB of RAM Operating system: Windows XP Classification: 14, 21.1 Nature of problem: Radiographic simulation of voxelized objects based on ray tracing technique. Solution method: The core of the simulation is a fast routine for the calculation of ray-box intersections and minimum bounding rectangles, together with voxel-driven forward and backward perspective projection operations. Restrictions: Memory constraints. There are three programs in all. A. Program for test 3.1(1): Object and detector have axis-aligned orientation; B. Program for test 3.1(2): Object in arbitrary orientation; C. Program for test 3.2: Simulation of X-ray video recordings. Program A Memory required to execute with typical data: 207 Megabytes, depending on the size of the input file. Typical running time: 2.30 s. (Tested in release mode, the same below.) Program B (the main program) Memory required to execute with typical data: 114 Megabytes, depending on the size of the input file. Typical running time: 1.60 s. Program C Memory required to execute with typical data: 215 Megabytes, depending on the size of the input file. Typical computation time: 27.26 s for cast-5, 101.87 s for cast-6.