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First Report of Fusarium sp. FIESC_17 on Cucumis trigonus in India

2015; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 99; Issue: 9 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1094/pdis-09-14-0881-pdn

1943-7692

A. M. Mali, V. B. Patil, Avinash B. Ade, N. S. Chavan, S.S. Kamble,

Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 99, No. 9First Report of Fusarium sp. FIESC_17 on Cucumis trigonus in India PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Fusarium sp. FIESC_17 on Cucumis trigonus in IndiaA. M. Mali, V. B. Patil, A. B. Ade, N. S. Chavan, and S. S. KambleA. M. MaliSearch for more papers by this author, V. B. PatilSearch for more papers by this author, A. B. AdeSearch for more papers by this author, N. S. ChavanSearch for more papers by this author, and S. S. KambleSearch for more papers by this authorAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations A. M. Mali , Department of Botany, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, India V. B. Patil A. B. Ade , Departments of Botany, University of Pune, Pune, India N. S. Chavan S. S. Kamble , Department of Botany, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, India. Published Online:9 Jul 2015https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-09-14-0881-PDNAboutSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat Cucumis trigonus Roxb., a member of the Cucurbitaceae, is an important vegetable crop with broad nutraceutical and pharmacological importance that is grown by tribal people in their backyard gardens (Mali et al. 2009). During August 2011, 2012, and 2013, severe foliar symptoms were observed on approximately 40 to 60% of plants growing in a cucurbit conservatory located at Shivaji University, Kolhapur, India. Initially, leaf spot symptoms appeared as small, dark-brown, irregular or rectangular spots surrounded by a yellow, circular halo. Further development of the disease resulted in yellowing and necrosis of the infected leaves followed by defoliation. To isolate the causal agent, tissue samples were excised from symptomatic leaves, sterilized by sequential dipping in 70% ethanol for 30 s and in 0.1% HgCl2 for 1 min., rinsed in sterilized distilled water, and then cultured on Czapek Dox agar (CDA) amended with 25 mg/liter of streptomycin sulfate (Patil et al. 2012). Plates were incubated at 25 ± 2°C for 6 days. A Fusarium sp. was consistently isolated from infected tissues, and was purified by single-spore culture. Carnation Leaf Agar was used for further identification (Leslie et al. 2006). The fungal colonies grew rapidly on CDA and produced dense, floccose, aerial mycelium that was at first whitish but later became brown. Macroconidia were straight to slightly curved, 28 to 35 × 3.5 to 5.7 μm with 4 septa. Microconidia were not observed. These morphological characters are consistent with descriptions of members of the Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex (FIESC) (O’Donnell et al. 2009). A culture has been deposited at National Fungal Culture Collection of India (Accession No. NFCCI 2881). The species identification was verified by amplifying and sequencing a portion of translation elongation factor 1 alpha (TEF-1 alpha) gene by using the primer pair ef1 and ef2 (O’Donnell et al. 1998). BLASTn analysis of the sequence obtained showed 99% identity with other isolates deposited as Fusarium sp. FIESC_17 in NCBI (Accession No. JF740864.1). The nucleotide sequence was deposited in EMBL-Bank as Accession No. HE995535. Thus, morphological and molecular criteria supported the identification of the pathogen as Fusarium sp. FIESC_17. Evaluation of pathogenicity was accomplished by spraying leaves of 10 healthy plants (2 months old) with a conidial suspension (1× 106 conidia/ml) on the abaxial and adaxial surface of the leaves. Ten plants sprayed with sterile distilled water served as negative controls. All plants in the experiments were covered with plastic bags and maintained in a greenhouse at 25 ± 2°C and 80 to 85% RH for 72 h. The first foliar lesions developed on leaves 3 days after inoculation and after 1 week, the inoculated leaves developed similar leaf spot symptoms to those observed on naturally infected leaves. Control plants remained asymptomatic. Fusarium sp. FIESC_17 was reisolated from the artificially inoculated leaves, thus fulfilling Koch’s postulates. The pathogenicity test was repeated three times with same results, confirming the pathogenicity of Fusarium sp. FIESC_17 on C. trigonus. To our knowledge, this is the first report of leaf spot of C. trigonus caused by Fusarium sp. FIESC_17 in India. Leaf spot severity induced premature defoliation, leading to reduction in flower/fruit setting and ultimately yield. The members of the FIESC have been reported to produce type A and B trichothecene mycotoxins that cause toxicosis in humans and animals (Leslie et al. 2006; O’Donnell et al. 2009). This novel finding will provide a base to develop effective disease-management strategies.References:Leslie, J. F., et al. 2006. The Fusarium Laboratory Manual. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, UK. Crossref, Google ScholarMali, A. M., et al. 2009. Biotechnol. 1:4. Google ScholarO’Donnell, K., et al. 1998. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95:2044. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.5.2044 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarO’Donnell K., et al. 2009. J. Clin. Microbiol. 47:3851. Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarPatil, V. B., et al. 2012. Plant Dis. 96:1074. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-12-11-1012-PDN Link, ISI, Google ScholarDetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 99, No. 9 September 2015SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Metrics Article History Issue Date: 27 Aug 2015Published: 9 Jul 2015First Look: 11 Mar 2015Accepted: 1 Mar 2015 Pages: 1274-1274 Information© 2015 The American Phytopathological SocietyCited byFirst report of leaf spot on Cucurbita pepo caused by Fusarium incarnatum‐equiseti species complex in Jamaica21 August 2019 | New Disease Reports, Vol. 40, No. 1Association and characterization of the Fusarium incarnatum–F. equiseti species complex with leaf blight and wilt of peanut in India13 November 2018 | Journal of General Plant Pathology, Vol. 85, No. 2In vitro rapid regeneration through direct organogenesis and ex-vitro establishment of Cucumis trigonus Roxb.—An underutilized pharmaceutically important cucurbitIndustrial Crops and Products, Vol. 83First Report of Leaf Spot Caused by Fusarium sp. 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