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Azaphilones, Furanoisophthalides, and Amino Acids from the Extracts of Monascus pilosus -Fermented Rice (Red-Mold Rice) and Their Chemopreventive Effects

2005; American Chemical Society; Volume: 53; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1021/jf040199p

1520-5118

Toshihiro Akihisa, Harukuni Tokuda, Ken Yasukawa, Motohiko Ukiya, Ayaka Kiyota, Naoyuki Sakamoto, Takashi Suzuki, Nobukazu Tanabe, Hoyoku Nishino,

Fungal Biology and Applications

Six azaphilones, monascin (1), ankaflavin (2), rubropunctatin (3), monascorburin (4), rubropunctamine (5), and monascorburamine (6), two furanoisophthalides, xanthomonasin A (7) and xanthomonasin B (8), and two amino acids, (+)-monascumic acid (9) and (−)-monascumic acid (10), isolated from the extracts of Monascus pilosus-fermented rice (red-mold rice) were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced inflammation in mice, on the induction of Epstein−Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) by TPA in Raji cells, and on the activation of (±)-(E)-methyl-2[(E)-hydroxy-imino]-5-nitro-6-methoxy-3-hexemide (NOR 1), a nitric oxide (NO) donor. Among the compounds tested, seven compounds (1−6 and 10) on TPA-induced inflammation, and six compounds (1, 3−5, 9, and 10) on EBV-EA activation, exhibited potent inhibitory effects. All of the compounds tested showed moderate inhibitory effects on NOR 1 activation. Keywords: Monascus pilosus; red-mold rice; azaphilones; furanoisophthalides; amino acids; TPA-induced ear edema; antitumor-promoter; Epstein−Barr virus early antigen