THE APPLICATION OF PHOTOACOUSTIC TECHNIQUES TO STUDIES OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS*
1993; Wiley; Volume: 57; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1111/j.1751-1097.1993.tb02277.x
ISSN1751-1097
AutoresDavid C. Fork, Stephen K. Herbert,
Tópico(s)Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
ResumoPhotochemistry and PhotobiologyVolume 57, Issue 1 p. 207-220 Free Access THE APPLICATION OF PHOTOACOUSTIC TECHNIQUES TO STUDIES OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS* David C. Fork, Corresponding Author David C. Fork Carnegie Institution of Washington Department of Plant Biology 290 Panama Street Stanford, CA 94305, USA†To whom correspondence should be addressed.Search for more papers by this authorStephen K. Herbert, Stephen K. Herbert Department of Biological Sciences University of Idaho Moscow, ID 83843, USASearch for more papers by this author David C. Fork, Corresponding Author David C. Fork Carnegie Institution of Washington Department of Plant Biology 290 Panama Street Stanford, CA 94305, USA†To whom correspondence should be addressed.Search for more papers by this authorStephen K. Herbert, Stephen K. Herbert Department of Biological Sciences University of Idaho Moscow, ID 83843, USASearch for more papers by this author First published: January 1993 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.1993.tb02277.xCitations: 53 † *CIW Publication number 1140. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat References 1 Bell, A. G. (1981) Upon the production of sound by radiant energy. Phil. Mag. 11, 510–528. 10.1080/14786448108627053 Google Scholar 2 Cahen, D., S. Malkin and E. I. Lerner (1978) Photoacoustic spectroscopy of chloroplast membranes: listening to photosynthesis. FEBS Lett. 91, 339–342. 10.1016/0014-5793(78)81205-8 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 3 Malkin, S. and D. Cahen (1979) Photoacoustic spectroscopy and radiant energy conversion: theory of the effect with special emphasis on photosynthesis. Photochem. Photobiol. 29, 803–813. 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1979.tb07770.x Web of Science®Google Scholar 4 Arnold, W. A. (1991) Personal perspective, experiments. Photosynth. Res. 27, 73–82. 10.1007/BF00033247 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 5 Spoehr, H. A. (1926) Photosynthesis. The Chemical Catalog Co., New York . Google Scholar 6 Arnold, W. A. (1949) A calorimetric determination of the quantum yield in photosynthesis. In Photosynthesis in Plants (Edited by I. Franck and W. E. Loomis), pp. 273–276. The Iowa State Press, Ames , Iowa . Google Scholar 7 Herbert, S. K., D. C. Fork and S. Malkin (1990) Photoacoustic measurements in vivo of energy storage by cyclic electron flow in algae and higher plants. Plant Physiol. 94, 926–934. 10.1104/pp.94.3.926 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 8 Clayton, R. C. (1980) Photosynthesis: Physical Mechanisms and Chemical Patterns. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge . Google Scholar 9 Witt, H. T. (1987) Examples for the cooperation of photons, excitons, electrons, electric fields and protons in the photosynthesis membrane. New J. Chem. 11, 91–101. CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 10 Buschmann, C. and H. Prehn (1990) Photoacoustic spectroscopy–photoacoustic and photothermal effects. In Modern Methods of Plant Analysis (Physical Methods in Plant Sciences), Vol. 11 (Edited by H. F. Linskens and J. F. Jackson), pp. 148–180. Springer, Berlin . Google Scholar 11 N'soukpoé-Kossi, C. N. and R. M. Leblanc (1990) The application of photoacoustic spectroscopy in photosynthesis research. J. Mol. Struct. 217, 69–84. 10.1016/0022-2860(90)80352-K Web of Science®Google Scholar 12 Buschmann, C. (1989) Photoacoustic measurements: application in plant science. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 323, 423–434. 10.1098/rstb.1989.0021 Web of Science®Google Scholar 13 Buschmann, C. (1990) Photoacoustic spectroscopy and its application in plant science. Bot. Acta 103, 9–14. 10.1111/j.1438-8677.1990.tb00119.x Web of Science®Google Scholar 14 Braslavsky, S. E. and K. Heihoff (1989) Photothermal methods. In Handbook of Organic Photochemistry, Vol. I (Edited by J. C. Scaiano), pp. 327–355. CRC Press, Boca Raton . Google Scholar 15 Leblanc, R. M. and C. N. N'soukpoé-Kossi (1988) Photoacoustic spectroscopy of biological photoreceptor membranes. In Photoacoustics and Photothermal Phenomena (Edited by P. Hess and J. Pelzl), pp. 514–522. Springer Verlag, Berlin . 10.1007/978-3-540-48181-2_140 Google Scholar 16 Balasubramanian, D. and C. M. Rao (1986) Application of photoacoustics to biology: some specific systems and methods. Can. J. Phys. 64, 1132–1135. 10.1139/p86-195 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 17 Schmidt-Kloiber, H. and H. Tschetsch (1986) Die photo-akustische Spektroskopieein geeignetes Hilfsmittel zur Analyse biologischer Proben. Biomed. Tech. 31, 169–174. 10.1515/bmte.1986.31.7-8.169 Web of Science®Google Scholar 18 Buschmann, C., H. Prehn and H. Lichtenthaler (1984) Photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) and its application in photosynthesis research. Photosynth. Res. 5, 29–46. 10.1007/BF00018373 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 19 Balasubramanian, D. (1983) Photoacoustic spectroscopy and its use in biology. Biosci. Rep. 3, 981–995. 10.1007/BF01121025 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 20 Moore, T. A. (1983) Photoacoustic spectroscopy and related techniques applied to biological materials. In Photochemical and Photobiological Reviews, Vol. 7 (Edited by K. C. Smith), pp. 187–221. Plenum Press, New York . 10.1007/978-1-4684-4505-3_4 Google Scholar 21 Cahen, D., G. Bults, S. R. Caplan, H. Garty and S. Malkin (1982) Photoacoustic methods applied to biological systems. In Trends in Photobiology (Edited by C. Helene, M. Charlier, T. Montenay-Garestier and G. Laustriat), pp. 21–32. Plenum Press, New York . 10.1007/978-1-4615-9203-7_3 Google Scholar 22 Cahen, D., G. Bults, H. Garty and S. Malkin (1980) Photoacoustics in life sciences. J. Biochem. Biophys. Methods 3, 293–310. 10.1016/0165-022X(80)90010-X CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 23 Balasubramanian, D. and C. M. Rao (1981) Photoacoustic spectroscopy of biological systems. Photochem. Photobiol. 34, 749–752. 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1981.tb09074.x CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 24 Braslavsky, S. E. (1986) Photoacoustic and photothermal methods applied to the study of radiationless deactivation processes in biological systems and in substances of biological interest. Photochem. Photobiol. 43, 667–675. 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1986.tb05645.x CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 25 Malkin, S. and O. Canaani (1992) Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. (In press). Google Scholar 26 Malkin, S., N. Lasser-Ross, G. Bults and D. Cahen (1981) Photoacoustic spectroscopy in photosynthesis. In Photosynthesis HI. Structure and Molecular Organization of the Pho-tosynthetic Apparatus (Edited by G. Akoyunoglou), pp. 1031–1042. Balaban International Science Services, Philadelphia , PA . Google Scholar 27 Tam, A. C. (1986) Applications of photoacoustic sensing techniques. Rev. Mod. Phys. 58, 381–431. 10.1103/RevModPhys.58.381 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 28 Poulet, P., D. Cahen and S. Malkin (1983) Photoacoustic detection of photosynthetic oxygen evolution from leaves. Quantitative analysis by phase and amplitude measurements. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 724, 433–446. 10.1016/0005-2728(83)90104-4 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 29 Kolbowski, J., H. Reising and U. Schreiber (1990) Computer-controlled pulse modulation system for analysis of photoacoustic signals in the ms time domain. Photosynth. Res. 25, 309–316. 10.1007/BF00033172 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 30 Mauzerall, D. C. (1990) Determination of oxygen emission and uptake in leaves by pulsed, time resolved photoacoustics. Plant Physiol. 94, 278–283. 10.1104/pp.94.1.278 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 31 Peters, K. S. and G. J. Synder (1988) Time-resolved photoacoustic calorimetry: probing the energetics and dynamics of fast chemical and biochemical reactions. Science 241, 1053–1057. 10.1126/science.3045967 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 32 Ducharme, D., A. Tessier and R. M. Leblanc (1979) Design and characteristics of a cell for photoacoustic spectroscopy of condensed matter. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 50, 1461–1462. 10.1063/1.1135740 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 33 Cahen, D. (1981) Photoacoustic cell for reflection and transmission measurements. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 52, 1306–1310. 10.1063/1.1136788 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 34 Bults, G., B. A. Horwitz, S. Malkin and D. Cahen (1981) Frequency-dependent photoacoustic signals from leaves and their relation to photosynthesis. FEBS Lett. 129, 44–46. 10.1016/0014-5793(81)80751-X CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 35 Bults, G., B. A. Horwitz, S. Malkin and D. Cahen (1982) Photoacoustic measurements of photosynthetic activities in whole leaves: photochemistry and gas exchange. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 679, 452–465. 10.1016/0005-2728(82)90167-0 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 36 Canaani, O., S. Malkin and D. Mauzerall (1988) Pulsed photoacoustic detection of flash-induced oxygen evolution from intact leaves and its oscillations. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85, 4725–4729. 10.1073/pnas.85.13.4725 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 37 Dienstbier, M., M. D. H'ina, A. Y. Borisov, M. Ambroz and K. Vacek (1984) Radiative and non-radiative losses of radiant energy in chloroplasts and pigment-protein complexes studied by fluorescence and photoacoustic techniques. Photosynthetica 18, 512–521. CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 38 LeBIanc, R. M., R. Carpentier and B. LaRue (1984) Action spectra for thermal deactivation and photosynthesis in Ana-cystis nidulans. In Advances in Photosynthesis Research, Vol. I (Edited by C. Sybesma), pp. 681–684. Martinus Nijhofl/Dr. W. Junk Publishers, The Hague . Google Scholar 39 Canaani, O. (1986) Photoacoustic detection of oxygen evolution and state 1-state 2 transitions in cyanobacteria. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 852, 74–80. 10.1016/0005-2728(86)90058-7 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 40 Charland, M., K. Veeranjaneyulu, D. Charlebois and R. M. Leblanc (1992) Photoacoustic signal generation in leaves: are O2-consuming processes involved? Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1098, 261–265. 10.1016/S0005-2728(05)80345-7 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 41 Fork, D. C. and S. K. Herbert (1991) A gas-permeable photoacoustic cell. Photosynth. Res. 27, 151–156. 10.1007/BF00033254 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 42 da Silva, M. D., I. N. Bandeira and L. C. M. Miranda (1987) Open-cell photoacoustic radiation detector. J. Phys. E. Sci. Instrum. 20, 1476–1478. 10.1088/0022-3735/20/12/009 Google Scholar 43 Marquezini, M. V., N. Cella, E. C. Silva, D. B. Serra, C. A. S. Lima, H. Vargas, A. J. Prioli and W.J. Da Silva (1990) Photoacoustic assessment of the in vivo genotypicial response of corn to toxic aluminum. Analyst 115, 341–343. 10.1039/an9901500341 Web of Science®Google Scholar 44 Bento, A. C., M. M. F. Aguiar, H. Vargas, M. D. Da Silva, I. N. Bandeira and L. C. M. Miranda (1989) Open photoacoustic cell X-ray detection. Appl. Phys. B 48, 269–272. 10.1007/BF00694358 Web of Science®Google Scholar 45 Callis, J. B., M. Gouterman and J. D. S. Danielson (1969) Flash calorimeter for measuring triplet yields. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 40, 1599–1605. 10.1063/1.1683873 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 46 Callis, J. B., W. W. Parson and M. Gouterman (1972) Flash changes of enthalpy and volume on flash excitation of Chromatium chromatophores. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 267, 348–362. 10.1016/0005-2728(72)90122-3 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 47 Ort, D. R. and W. W. Parson (1978) Flash-induced volume changes of bacteriorhodopsin-containing membrane fragments and their relationship to proton movements and absorbance transients. J. Biol. Chem. 253, 6158–6164. CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 48 Ort, D. R. and W. W. Parson (1979) The quantum yield of flash-induced proton release by bacteriorhodopsin-containing membrane fragments. Biophys. J. 25, 341–354. 10.1016/S0006-3495(79)85296-0 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 49 Ort, D. R. and W. W. Parson (1979) Enthalpy changes during the photochemical cycle of bacteriorhodopsin. Biophys. J. 25, 355–364. 10.1016/S0006-3495(79)85297-2 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 50 Arata, H. and W. W. Parson (1981) Enthalpy and volume changes accompanying transfer from P-870 to quinones in Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides reaction centers. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 636, 70–81. 10.1016/0005-2728(81)90077-3 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 51 Nitsch, C, G. H. Schatz and S. E. Braslavsky (1989) Laser-induced optoacoustic calorimetry of primary processes in cells of Rhodospirillum rubrum. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 975, 88–95. 10.1016/S0005-2728(89)80205-1 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 52 Jabben, M. and K. Schaffher (1985) Pulsed-laser induced optoacoustic spectroscopy of intact leaves. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 809, 445–451. 10.1016/0005-2728(85)90196-3 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 53 Nitsch, C, S. E. Braslavsky and G. H. Schatz (1988) Laser-induced optoacoustic calorimetry of primary processes in isolated photosystem I and photosystem II particles. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 934, 201–212. 10.1016/0005-2728(88)90183-1 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 54 Carpentier, R., H. Y. Nakatani and R. M. Leblanc (1985) Photoacoustic detection of energy conversion in a photosystem II submembrane preparation from spinach. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 808, 470–473. 10.1016/0005-2728(85)90156-2 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 55 Sukenik, A., J. Bennett and P. Falkowski (1987) Light-saturated photosynthesis–limitation by electron transport or carbon fixation? Biochim. Biophys. Acta 891, 205–215. 10.1016/0005-2728(87)90216-7 CASGoogle Scholar 56 Schreiber, U. (1986) Detection of rapid induction kinetics with a new type of high-frequency modulated chlorophyll fluorometer. Photosynth. Res. 9, 261–272. 10.1007/BF00029749 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 57 Schreiber, U., U. Schliwa and W. Bilger (1986) Continuous recording of photochemical and non-photochemical chlorophyll fluorescence quenching with a new type of modulated fluorometer. Photosynth. Res. 10, 51–62. 10.1007/BF00024185 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 58 Malkin, S. (1987) Fast photoacoustic transients from dark-adapted intact leaves: oxygen evolution and uptake pulses during photosynthetic induction–a phenomenology record. Planta 171, 65–72. 10.1007/BF00395068 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 59 Reising, H. and U. Schreiber (1992) Pulse-modulated photoacoustic measurements reveal strong gas-uptake component at high C02 concentrations. Photosynth. Res. 31, 227–238. 10.1007/BF00035539 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 60 Heihoff, K. and S. E. Braslavsky (1986) Triplet lifetime determination by laser-induced optoacoustic spectroscopy. Ben-zophenone/iodide revisited. Chem. Phys. Lett. 131, 183–188. 10.1016/0009-2614(86)80541-3 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 61 Dau, H. and U. Hansen (1990) A study of the energy-dependent quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence by means of photoacoustic measurements. Photosynth. Res. 25, 269–278. 10.1007/BF00033168 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 62 Murata, N. and K. Sugahara (1969) Control of excitation transfer in photosynthesis. III. Light-induced decrease of chlorophyll a fluorescence related to photophosphorylation system in spinach chloroplasts. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 189, 183–192. 10.1016/0005-2728(69)90046-2 Google Scholar 63 Briantais, J., C. Vernotte, M. Picaud and G. H. Krause (1979) A quantitative study on the slow decline of chlorophyll a fluorescence in isolated chloroplasts. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 548, 123–138. 10.1016/0005-2728(79)90193-2 Google Scholar 64 Duysenis, L. N. M. and H. E. Sweers (1963) Mechanism of two photochemical reactions in algae as studied by means of fluorescence. In Microalgae and Photosynthetic Bacteria (Edited by Japanese Society of Plant Physiology), pp. 353–372. University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo . Google Scholar 65 Krause, G. H., C. Vernotte and J. Briantais (1982) Photoiniduced quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence in intact chloroplasts and algae. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 679, 116–124. 10.1016/0005-2728(82)90262-6 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 66 Powles, S. B. (1984) Photoinhibition of photosynthesis induced by visible light. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 35, 15–44. 10.1146/annurev.pp.35.060184.000311 CASGoogle Scholar 67 Fork, D. C. and K. Satoh (1986) The control by state transitions of the distribution of excitation energy in photosynthesis. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 37, 335–361. 10.1146/annurev.pp.37.060186.002003 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 68 Weis, E. and J. A. Berry (1987) Quantum efficiency of photosystem 2 in relation to energy dependent quenching of chlorophyll-fluorescence. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 894, 189–208. 10.1016/0005-2728(87)90190-3 Google Scholar 69 Snel, J. F. H., W. Van Leperen and W. J. Vredenberg (1990) Complete suppression of oxygen evolution in open PS2 centers by non-photochemical fluorescence quenching. In Current Research in Photosynthesis, Vol. II (Edited by M. Baltscheffsky), pp. 911–914. Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands . Google Scholar 70 Havaux, M. (1990) "Energy"-dependent quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence and thermal energy dissipation in intact leaves during induction of photosynthesis. Photochem. Photobiol. 51, 481–486. 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1990.tb01741.x CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 71 Snel, J. F. H., M. Kooijman and W. J. Vredenberg (1990) Correlation between chlorophyll fluorescence and photoacous-tic signal transients in spinach leaves. Photosynth. Res. 25, 259–268. 10.1007/BF00033167 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 72 Buschmann, C. and L. Kocsanyi (1989) Light-induced heat production correlated with fluorescence and its quenching mechanisms. Photosynth. Res. 21, 129–136. CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 73 Nagel, E. M. and H. K. Lichtenthaler (1988) Photoacoustic spectra of green leaves and of white leaves treated with the bleaching herbicide norfluorozon. In Photoacoustic and Pho-tothermal Phenomena (Edited by P. Hess and J. Pelzl), pp. 568–569. Springer Verlag, Berlin . 10.1007/978-3-540-48181-2_155 Google Scholar 74 Lavorel, J. and A. L. Etienne (1977) In vivo chlorophyll fluorescence. In Primary Processes in Photosynthesis (Edited by J. Barber), pp. 203–268. Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press, Amsterdam . Google Scholar 75 Oxborough, K. and P. Horton (1988) A study of the regulation of energy-dependent quenching in pea chloroplasts. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 934, 135–143. 10.1016/0005-2728(88)90128-4 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 76 Katoh, S. and A. Yamagishi (1984) Parallel inductive kinetics of fluorescence and photoacoustic signal in dark-adapted thalli of Bryopsis minima. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 767, 185–191. 10.1016/0005-2728(84)90186-5 Web of Science®Google Scholar 77 Malkin, S., M. Charland and R. M. Leblanc (1992) A photoacoustic study of water infiltrated leaves. Photosynth. Res. 33, 37–50. 10.1007/BF00032981 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 78 Lasser-Ross, N., S. Malkin and D. Cahen (1980) Photoacoustic detection of photosynthetic activities in isolated broken chloroplasts. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 593, 330–341. 10.1016/0005-2728(80)90070-5 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 79 Malkin, S., S. K. Herbert and D. C. Fork (1990) Light distribution transfer and utilization in the marine red alga Porphyra perforata from photoacoustic energy storage measurements. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1016, 177–189. 10.1016/0005-2728(90)90056-A Web of Science®Google Scholar 80 Fork, D. C., S. K. Herbert and S. Malkin (1991) Light energy distribution in the brown alga Macrocystispyrifera (giant kelp). Plant Physiol. 95, 731–739. 10.1104/pp.95.3.731 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 81 Duysens, L. N. M. (1958) The path of light energy in photosynthesis. Brookhaven Symp. Biol. 19, 10–25. Google Scholar 82 Knox, R. S. (1969) Thermodynamics and the primary processes of photosynthesis. Biophys. J. 9, 1351–1362. 10.1016/S0006-3495(69)86457-X CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 83 Nitsch, C, S. E. Braslavskyy and G. H. Schatz (1988) Laser-induced and optoacoustic spectroscopy (LIOAS) of photosynthetic systems. In Photoacoustics and Photothermal Phenomena (Edited by P. Hess and J. Pelzl), pp. 527–530. Springer Verlag, Berlin . 10.1007/978-3-540-48181-2_142 Google Scholar 84 Braslavsky, S. E. (1988) Pulsed-laser optoacoustic and thermal-lensing studies of relaxation processes in biological systems and molecules of biological interest. In Photoacoustics and Photothermal Phenomena (Edited by P. Hess and J. Pelzl), pp. 508–513. Springer Verlag, Berlin . 10.1007/978-3-540-48181-2_139 Google Scholar 85 Heihoff, K., S. E. Braslavsky and K. Schafther (1987) Study of 124-kilodalton oat phytochrome photoconversions in vitro with laser-induced optoacoustic spectroscopy. Biochemistry 26, 1422–1427. 10.1021/bi00379a032 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 86 Emerson, R. and W. Arnold (1931) A separation of the reactions in photosynthesis by means of intermittent light. J. Gen. Physiol. 15, 391–420. 10.1085/jgp.15.4.391 Web of Science®Google Scholar 87 Joliot, P. and B. Kok (1975) Oxygen evolution in photosynthesis. In Bioenergetics of Photosynthesis (Edited by Govind-jee), pp. 387–412. Academic Press, New York . 10.1016/B978-0-12-294350-8.50013-1 Google Scholar 88 Carpentier, R., H. C. P. Matthijs, R. M. Leblanc and G. Hind (1986) Monitoring energy conversion in photosystem 1 of cyanobacterial heterocysts by photoacoustic spectroscopy. Can. J. Phys. 64, 1136–1138. 10.1139/p86-196 Web of Science®Google Scholar 89 Carpentier, R., T. G. Owens and R. M. Leblanc (1991) Simultaneous saturation of variable fluorescence yield and photoacoustically monitored thermal emission in thylakoid membranes. Photochem. Photobiol. 53, 565–569. 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1991.tb03672.x Web of Science®Google Scholar 90 Carpentier, R., B. LaRue and R. M. Leblanc (1984) Photoacoustic spectroscopy of Anacystis niduilans. III Detection of photosynthetic activities. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 228, 534–543. 10.1016/0003-9861(84)90020-1 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 91 Yamagishi, A. and S. Katoh (1984) Photoacoustic measurements of the energy conversion efficiency of photosynthesis in thalli of the green alga Bryopsis minima. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 766, 215–221. 10.1016/0005-2728(84)90234-2 Web of Science®Google Scholar 92 Canaani, O., G. Schuster and I. Ohad (1989) Photoinhibition in Chlamydomonas reinhairdtit effect on state transition, intersystem energy distribution and photosystem I cyclic electron flow. Photosynth. Res. 20, 129–146. CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 93 Greer, D. H., J. A. Berry and O. Bjorkman (1986) Photoinhibition of photosynthesis in intact bean leaves: role of light and temperature, and requirement for chloroplast-protein synthesis during recovery. Planta 168, 253–260. 10.1007/BF00402971 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 94 Ohad, I., D. J. Kyle and C. J. Arntzen (1984) Membrane protein damage and repair: removal and replacement of inactivated 32-kilodalton polypeptide in chloroplast membrane. J. Cell Biol. 99, 481–485. 10.1083/jcb.99.2.481 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 95 Schuster, G. (1987) The Mechanisms of Inhibition of Photosynthesis by Excess Light or Heat Stress. Ph.D. Dissertation, Hebrew University, Jerusalem , Israel . Google Scholar 96 Canaani, O. (1990) The role of cyclic electron flow around photosystem 1 and excitation energy distribution between the photo-systems upon acclimation to high ionic stress in Dunaliella. Photochem. Photobiol. 52, 591–599. 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1990.tb01804.x CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 97 Blinks, L. R. (1964) Accessory pigments and photosynthesis. In Photo-physiology, Vol. I (Edited by A. C. Giese), pp. 199–221. Academic Press, New York . Google Scholar 98 Arnon, D. I. and R. K. Chain (1975) Regulation of ferre-doxin-catalyzed photosynthetic phosphorylation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 72, 4961–4965. 10.1073/pnas.72.12.4961 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 99 Veeranjaneyulu, K., M. Charland, D. Charlebois and R. M. Leblanc (1991) Photosynthetic energy storage of photo-systems I and II in the spectral range of photo-synthetically active radiation in intact sugar maple leaves. Photosynth. Res. 30, 131–138. 10.1007/BF00042011 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 100 Canaani, O. and S. Malkin (1984a) Distribution of light excitation in an intact leaf between the two photo-systems of photosynthesis. Changes in absorption cross-sections following state 1-state 2 transitions. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 766, 513–524. 10.1016/0005-2728(84)90109-9 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 101 Canaani, O. and S. Malkin (1984b) Physiological adaptation to a newly observed low light intensity state in intact leaves, resulting in extreme imbalance in excitation energy distribution between the two photo-systems. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 766, 525–532. 10.1016/0005-2728(84)90110-5 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 102 Canaani, O., D. Cahen and S. Malkin (1982) Photosynthetic chromatic transitions and Emerson enhancement effects in intact leaves studied by photoacoustics. FEBS Lett. 150, 142–146. 10.1016/0014-5793(82)81322-7 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 103 Dau, H. and U. P. Hansen (1988) Kinetic analysis of the photoacoustically measured photosynthetic oxygen response to additional blue and far-red light. In Photoacoustics and Photothermal Phenomena (Edited by P. Hess and J. Pelzl), pp. 531–532. Springer Verlag, Berlin . 10.1007/978-3-540-48181-2_143 Google Scholar 104 Buurmeijer, W. F., J. H. A. M. Wonders and W. Vredenberg (1991) State transitions in photo-morphogenetic mutants of tomato. In Current Research in Photosynthesis, Vol II (Edited by M. Baltscheffsky), pp. 891–894. Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands . Google Scholar 105 Havaux, M. (1989) Photoacoustic characteristics of leaves of atrazine-resistant weed mutants. Photosynth. Res. 21, 51–59. CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 106 Barber, J. (1986) Regulation of energy transfer by cations and protein phosphorylation in relation to thylakoid membrane organization. Photosynth. Res. 10, 243–253. 10.1007/BF00118289 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 107 Williams, W. P. and J. F. Allen (1987) State 1/state 2 changes in higher plants and algae. Photosynth. Res. 13, 19–45. 10.1007/BF00032263 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 108 Biggins, J. and D. Bruce (1989) Regulation of excitation energy transfer in organisms containing phycobilisomes. Photosynth. Res. 20, 1–34. 10.1007/BF00028620 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar 109 Biggins, J., D. Bruce and P. B. Gibbs (1989) Regulation of excitation energy distribution by state transitions. In Photosynthesis (Edited by W. R. Briggs), pp. 363–374. Alan R. Liss, New York . Google Scholar 110 Canaani, O. (1988) Light regulation of electron transport in N2 fixing cyanobacteria in lichens. Symbiosis 6, 1–16. Web of Science®Google Scholar 111 Canaani, O., J. Barber and S. Malkin
Referência(s)