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What is graphene?

2009; Association for Computing Machinery; Volume: 39; Issue: 8 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1145/1862906.1862907

2331-1738

Raghunath Murali, J.D. Meindl,

Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications

Graphene is a 2D material with a honeycomb lattice structure made of sp2 bonded carbon atoms. Graphene is essentially the mother of all graphitic materials - it can be formed into buckyballs and nanotubes, etched into nanoribbons, or stacked into bulk graphite. The properties of graphene that have researchers excited [1-2] include its excellent mobility[4-5,8], long mean free path, high thermal conductivity [9], high mechanical strength, high surface area to volume ratio, width-dependent bandgap [3,6], and high current carrying capacity [17]. Most of these properties are also true for carbon nanotubes (CNTs); however, graphene also has the advantage over CNTs . if graphene can be produced as a single two-dimensional sheet, it allows for easy patterning and can be integrated into the processes used in silicon integrated circuit manufacturing. As a truly 2D material, graphene has been of theoretical significance for more than 60 years. The discovery of graphene isolated from graphite in 2004 [1] proved that a 2D material such as graphene can exist in a flat state on a substrate rather than curl up as previously thought.