Portal de Periódicos da CAPES

Saliva as a diagnostic tool for periodontal disease: current state and future directions

2009; Wiley; Volume: 50; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1111/j.1600-0757.2008.00288.x

1600-0757

William V. Giannobile, Thomas Beikler, Janet S. Kinney, Christoph A. Ramseier, Thiago Morelli, David T. Wong,

Dental Radiography and Imaging

Periodontology 2000Volume 50, Issue 1 p. 52-64 Saliva as a diagnostic tool for periodontal disease: current state and future directions William V. Giannobile, William V. GiannobileSearch for more papers by this authorThomas Beikler, Thomas BeiklerSearch for more papers by this authorJanet S. Kinney, Janet S. KinneySearch for more papers by this authorChristoph A. Ramseier, Christoph A. RamseierSearch for more papers by this authorThiago Morelli, Thiago MorelliSearch for more papers by this authorDavid T. Wong, David T. WongSearch for more papers by this author William V. Giannobile, William V. GiannobileSearch for more papers by this authorThomas Beikler, Thomas BeiklerSearch for more papers by this authorJanet S. Kinney, Janet S. KinneySearch for more papers by this authorChristoph A. Ramseier, Christoph A. RamseierSearch for more papers by this authorThiago Morelli, Thiago MorelliSearch for more papers by this authorDavid T. Wong, David T. WongSearch for more papers by this author First published: 08 April 2009 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0757.2008.00288.xCitations: 201Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL References 1 Airila-Mansson S, Soder B, Kari K, Meurman JH. Influence of combinations of bacteria on the levels of prostaglandin E2, interleukin-1beta, and granulocyte elastase in gingival crevicular fluid and on the severity of periodontal disease. J Periodontol 2006: 77: 1025– 1031. 2 Albandar JM, Brunelle JA, Kingman A. Destructive periodontal disease in adults 30 years of age and older in the United States, 1988–1994. J Periodontol 1999: 70: 13– 29. 3 Armitage GC. Development of a classification system for periodontal diseases and conditions. Ann Periodontol 1999: 4: 1– 6. 4 Armitage GC. The complete periodontal examination. Periodontol 2000 2004: 34: 22– 33. 5 Azuma M. Fundamental mechanisms of host immune responses to infection. J Periodontal Res 2006: 41: 361– 373. 6 Ballantyne J. Validity of messenger RNA expression analyses of human saliva. Clin Cancer Res 2007: 13: 1350; author reply 1351. 7 Beikler T, Flemmig TF. Implants in the medically compromised patient. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med 2003: 14: 305– 316. 8 Beikler T, Flemmig TF. Implant versus tooth retention from the periodontal perspective. Perio 2006: 3: 167– 176. 9 Berglundh T, Donati M. Aspects of adaptive host response in periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2005: 32(Suppl. 6): 87–107. 10 Berglundh T, Persson L, Klinge B. A systematic review of the incidence of biological and technical complications in implant dentistry reported in prospective longitudinal studies of at least 5 years. J Clin Periodontol 2002: 29(Suppl. 3): 197–212. 11 Birkedal-Hansen H. Role of matrix metalloproteinases in human periodontal diseases. J Periodontol 1993: 64(5 Suppl.): 474– 484. 12 Bonassi S, Neri M, Puntoni R. Validation of biomarkers as early predictors of disease. Mutat Res 2001: 481: 349– 358. 13 Burt B. Position paper: epidemiology of periodontal diseases. J Periodontol 2005: 76: 1406– 1419. 14 Christodoulides N, Mohanty S, Miller CS, Langub MC, Floriano PN, Dharshan P, Ali MF, Bernard B, Romanovicz D, Anslyn E, Fox PC, McDevitt JT. Application of microchip assay system for the measurement of C-reactive protein in human saliva. Lab Chip 2005: 5: 261– 269. 15 D’Aiuto F, Ready D, Tonetti MS. Periodontal disease and C-reactive protein-associated cardiovascular risk. J Periodontal Res 2004: 39: 236– 241. 16 Denny P, Hagen FK, Hardt M, Liao L, Yan W, Arellanno M, Bassilian S, Bedi GS, Boontheung P, Cociorva D, Delahunty CM, Denny T, Dunsmore J, Faull KF, Gilligan J, Gonzalez-Begne M, Halgand F, Hall SC, Han X, Henson B, Hewel J, Hu S, Jeffrey S, Jiang J, Loo JA, Ogorzalek Loo RR, Malamud D, Melvin JE, Miroshnychenko O, Navazesh M, Niles R, Park SK, Prakobphol A, Ramachandran P, Richert M, Robinson S, Sondej M, Souda P, Sullivan MA, Takashima J, Than S, Wang J, Whitelegge JP, Witkowska HE, Wolinsky L, Xie Y, Xu T, Yu W, Ytterberg J, Wong DT, Yates JR III, Fisher SJ. The proteomes of human parotid and submandibular/sublingual gland salivas collected as the ductal secretions. J Proteome Res 2008: 7: 1994– 2006. 17 Ferreira SD, Silva GL, Cortelli JR, Costa JE, Costa FO. Prevalence and risk variables for peri-implant disease in Brazilian subjects. J Clin Periodontol 2006: 33: 929– 935. 18 Fransson C, Lekholm U, Jemt T, Berglundh T. Prevalence of subjects with progressive bone loss at implants. Clin Oral Implants Res 2005: 16: 440– 446. 19 Gemmell E, Yamazaki K, Seymour GJ. The role of T cells in periodontal disease: homeostasis and autoimmunity. Periodontol 2000 2007: 43: 14– 40. 20 Giannobile WV. C-telopeptide pyridinoline cross-links. Sensitive indicators of periodontal tissue destruction. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1999: 878: 404– 412. 21 Giannobile WV. Periodontal surveillance – implications in the promotion of public health. J Periodontol 2007: 78: 1177. 22 Goodson JM. Diagnosis of periodontitis by physical measurement: interpretation from episodic disease hypothesis. J Periodontol 1992: 63(4 Suppl.): 373– 382. 23 Grbic JT, Lamster IB, Celenti RS, Fine JB. Risk indicators for future clinical attachment loss in adult periodontitis. Patient variables. J Periodontol 1991: 62: 322– 329. 24 Groenink J, Ligtenberg AJ, Veerman EC, Bolscher JG, Nieuw Amerongen AV. Interaction of the salivary low-molecular-weight mucin (MG2) with Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 1996: 70: 79– 87. 25 Groenink J, Walgreen-Weterings E, Nazmi K, Bolscher JG, Veerman EC, Van Winkelhoff AJ, Nieuw Amerongen AV. Salivary lactoferrin and low-Mr mucin MG2 in Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans-associated periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 1999: 26: 269– 275. 26 Gusman H, Travis J, Helmerhorst EJ, Potempa J, Troxler RF, Oppenheim FG. Salivary histatin 5 is an inhibitor of both host and bacterial enzymes implicated in periodontal disease. Infect Immun 2001: 69: 1402– 1408. 27 Guven Y, Satman I, Dinccag N, Alptekin S. Salivary peroxidase activity in whole saliva of patients with insulin-dependent (type-1) diabetes mellitus. J Clin Periodontol 1996: 23: 879– 881. 28 Helmerhorst EJ, Oppenheim FG. Saliva: a dynamic proteome. J Dent Res 2007: 86: 680– 693. 29 Hernandez M, Valenzuela MA, Lopez-Otin C, Alvarez J, Lopez JM, Vernal R, Gamonal J. Matrix metalloproteinase-13 is highly expressed in destructive periodontal disease activity. J Periodontol 2006: 77: 863– 870. 30 Herr AE, Hatch AV, Throckmorton DJ, Tran HM, Brennan JS, Giannobile WV, Singh AK. Microfluidic immunoassays as rapid saliva-based clinical diagnostics. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007: 104: 5268– 5273. 31 Higashi MK, Veenstra DL, Del Aguila M, Hujoel P. The cost-effectiveness of interleukin-1 genetic testing for periodontal disease. J Periodontol 2002: 73: 1474– 1484. 32 Houri-Haddad Y, Wilensky A, Shapira L. T-cell phenotype as a risk factor for periodontal disease. Periodontol 2000 2007: 45: 67– 75. 33 Hu S, Xie Y, Ramachandran P, Ogorzalek Loo RR, Li Y, Loo JA, Wong DT. Large-scale identification of proteins in human salivary proteome by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. Proteomics 2005: 5: 1714– 1728. 34 Hu S, Wang J, Meijer J, Ieong S, Xie Y, Yu T, Zhou H, Henry S, Vissink A, Pijpe J, Kallenberg C, Elashoff D, Loo JA, Wong DT. Salivary proteomic and genomic biomarkers for primary Sjogren’s syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 2007: 56: 3588– 3600. 35 Hu S, Yu T, Xie Y, Yang Y, Li Y, Zhou X, Tsung S, Loo RR, Loo JR, Wong DT. Discovery of oral fluid biomarkers for human oral cancer by mass spectrometry. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2007: 4: 55– 64. 36 Hu S, Arellano M, Boontheung P, Wang J, Zhou H, Jiang J, Elashoff D, Wei R, Loo JA, Wong DT. Salivary proteomics for oral cancer biomarker discovery. Clin Cancer Res 2008: 14: 6246– 6252. 37 Hu Z, Zimmermann BG, Zhou H, Wang J, Henson BS, Yu W, Elashoff D, Krupp G, Wong DT. Exon-level expression profiling: a comprehensive transcriptome analysis for oral fluids. Clin Chem 2008: 54: 824– 832. 38 Jalil RA, Ashley FP, Wilson RF. The relationship between 48-h dental plaque accumulation in young human adults and the concentrations of hypothiocyanite, ‘free’ and ‘total’ lysozyme, lactoferrin and secretory immunoglobulin A in saliva. Arch Oral Biol 1992: 37: 23– 28. 39 Kinney JS, Ramseier CA, Giannobile WV. Oral fluid-based biomarkers of alveolar bone loss in periodontitis. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2007: 1098: 230– 251. 40 Kivela-Rajamaki M, Maisi P, Srinivas R, Tervahartiala T, Teronen O, Husa V, Salo T, Sorsa T. Levels and molecular forms of MMP-7 (matrilysin-1) and MMP-8 (collagenase-2) in diseased human peri-implant sulcular fluid. J Periodontal Res 2003: 38: 583– 590. 41 Kwok V, Caton JG. Commentary: prognosis revisited: a system for assigning periodontal prognosis. J Periodontol 2007: 78: 2063– 2071. 42 Li Y, Zhou X, St John MA, Wong DT. RNA profiling of cell-free saliva using microarray technology. J Dent Res 2004: 83: 199– 203. 43 Li Y, Elashoff D, Oh M, Sinha U, St John MA, Zhou X, Abemayor E, Wong DT. Serum circulating human mRNA profiling and its utility for oral cancer detection. J Clin Oncol 2006: 24: 1754– 1760. 44 Li Y, St John MA, Zhou X, Kim Y, Sinha U, Jordan RC, Eisele D, Abemayor E, Elashoff D, Park NH, Wong DT. Salivary transcriptome diagnostics for oral cancer detection. Clin Cancer Res 2004: 10: 8442– 8450. 45 Listgarten MA. Structure of surface coatings on teeth. A review. J Periodontol 1976: 47: 139– 147. 46 Lo YM, Tsui NB, Chiu RW, Lau TK, Leung TN, Heung MM, Gerovassili A, Jin Y, Nicolaides KH, Cantor CR, Ding C. Plasma placental RNA allelic ratio permits noninvasive prenatal chromosomal aneuploidy detection. Nat Med 2007: 13: 218– 223. 47 Loos BG, Tjoa S. Host-derived diagnostic markers for periodontitis: do they exist in gingival crevice fluid? Periodontol 2000 2005: 39: 53– 72. 48 Ma J, Kitti U, Teronen O, Sorsa T, Husa V, Laine P, Ronka H, Salo T, Lindqvist C, Konttinen YT. Collagenases in different categories of peri-implant vertical bone loss. J Dent Res 2000: 79: 1870– 1873. 49 Malamud D. Salivary diagnostics: the future is now. J Am Dent Assoc 2006: 137: 284– 286. 50 Mandel ID. The diagnostic uses of saliva. J Oral Pathol Med 1990: 19: 119– 125. 51 Mandel ID. Markers of periodontal disease susceptibility and activity derived from saliva. In: NW Johnson, editor. Periodontal diseases – markers of disease susceptibility and activity. Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1991: 228– 253. 52 Maron JL, Bianchi DW. Prenatal diagnosis using cell-free nucleic acids in maternal body fluids: a decade of progress. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 2007: 145: 5– 17. 53 Millenium Research Group. Global markets for dental implants 2007. Millenium Research Group: Toronto, Canada, 2008. 54 Miller CS, King CP Jr, Langub MC, Kryscio RJ, Thomas MV. Salivary biomarkers of existing periodontal disease: a cross-sectional study. J Am Dent Assoc 2006: 137: 322– 329. 55 Nakashima K, Giannopoulou C, Andersen E, Roehrich N, Brochut P, Dubrez B, Cimasoni G. A longitudinal study of various crevicular fluid components as markers of periodontal disease activity. J Clin Periodontol 1996: 23: 832– 838. 56 Ng EK, Tsui NB, Lau TK, Leung TN, Chiu RW, Panesar NS, Lit LC, Chan KW, Lo YM. mRNA of placental origin is readily detectable in maternal plasma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003: 100: 4748– 4753. 57 Nussbaumer C, Gharehbaghi-Schnell E, Korschineck I. Messenger RNA profiling: a novel method for body fluid identification by Real-Time PCR. Forensic Sci Int 2006: 157: 181– 186. 58 Offenbacher S. Periodontal diseases: pathogenesis. Ann Periodontol 1996: 1: 821– 878. 59 Oringer RJ, Palys MD, Iranmanesh A, Fiorellini JP, Haffajee AD, Socransky SS, Giannobile WV. C-telopeptide pyridinoline cross-links (ICTP) and periodontal pathogens associated with endosseous oral implants. Clin Oral Implants Res 1998: 9: 365– 373. 60 Page RC, Kornman KS. The pathogenesis of human periodontitis: an introduction. Periodontol 2000 1997: 14: 9– 11. 61 Park NJ, Li Y, Yu T, Brinkman BM, Wong DT. Characterization of RNA in saliva. Clin Chem 2006: 52: 988– 994. 62 Ramseier CA, Morelli T, Kinney JS, Dubois M, Rayburn L, Giannobile WB. Periodontal disease. In: DT Wong, editor. Salivary diagnostics. Ames, Iowa, USA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2008. 63 Reiff RL. Serum and salivary IgG and IgA response to initial preparation therapy. J Periodontol 1984: 55: 299– 305. 64 Roos-Jansaker AM. Long time follow up of implant therapy and treatment of peri-implantitis. Swed Dent J Suppl 2007: 188: 7– 66. 65 Roos-Jansaker AM, Renvert S, Egelberg J. Treatment of peri-implant infections: a literature review. J Clin Periodontol 2003: 30: 467– 485. 66 Roos-Jansaker AM, Lindahl C, Renvert H, Renvert S. Nine- to fourteen-year follow-up of implant treatment. Part II: presence of peri-implant lesions. J Clin Periodontol 2006: 33: 290– 295. 67 Scannapieco FA, Ng P, Hovey K, Hausmann E, Hutson A, Wactawski-Wende J. Salivary biomarkers associated with alveolar bone loss. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2007: 1098: 496– 497. 68 Seemann R, Hagewald SJ, Sztankay V, Drews J, Bizhang M, Kage A. Levels of parotid and submandibular/sublingual salivary immunoglobulin A in response to experimental gingivitis in humans. Clin Oral Investig 2004: 8: 233– 237. 69 Seugnet L, Boero J, Gottschalk L, Duntley SP, Shaw PJ. Identification of a biomarker for sleep drive in flies and humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2006: 103: 19913– 19918. 70 Sharma CG, Pradeep AR. Gingival crevicular fluid osteopontin levels in periodontal health and disease. J Periodontol 2006: 77: 1674– 1680. 71 Snyderman R, Williams RS. Prospective medicine: the next health care transformation. Acad Med 2003: 78: 1079– 1084. 72 Snyderman R, Langheier J. Prospective health care: the second transformation of medicine. Genome Biol 2006: 7: 104. 73 Snyderman R, Yoediono Z. Prospective care: a personalized, preventative approach to medicine. Pharmacogenomics 2006: 7: 5– 9. 74 Taba M Jr, Kinney J, Kim AS, Giannobile WV. Diagnostic biomarkers for oral and periodontal diseases. Dent Clin North Am 2005: 49: 551– 571. 75 Tabak LA. Point-of-care diagnostics enter the mouth. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2007: 1098: 7– 14. 76 Talonpoika JT, Hamalainen MM. Type I collagen carboxyterminal telopeptide in human gingival crevicular fluid in different clinical conditions and after periodontal treatment. J Clin Periodontol 1994: 21: 320– 326. 77 Taubman MA, Valverde P, Han X, Kawai T. Immune response: the key to bone resorption in periodontal disease. J Periodontol 2005: 76(11 Suppl.): 2033– 2041. 78 Teng YT, Sodek J, McCulloch CA. Gingival crevicular fluid gelatinase and its relationship to periodontal disease in human subjects. J Periodontal Res 1992: 27: 544– 552. 79 Tonetti MS, D’Aiuto F, Nibali L, Donald A, Storry C, Parkar M, Suvan J, Hingorani AD, Vallance P, Deanfield J. Treatment of periodontitis and endothelial function. N Engl J Med 2007: 356: 911– 920. 80 Yager P, Edwards T, Fu E, Helton K, Nelson K, Tam MR, Weigl BH. Microfluidic diagnostic technologies for global public health. Nature 2006: 442: 412– 418. 81 Zubakov D, Hanekamp E, Kokshoorn M, Van Ijcken W, Kayser M. Stable RNA markers for identification of blood and saliva stains revealed from whole genome expression analysis of time-wise degraded samples. Int J Legal Med 2008: 122: 135– 142. Citing Literature Volume50, Issue1June 2009Pages 52-64 ReferencesRelatedInformation