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Archaeorhizomycetes: Unearthing an Ancient Class of Ubiquitous Soil Fungi

2011; American Association for the Advancement of Science; Volume: 333; Issue: 6044 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1126/science.1206958

1095-9203

Anna Rosling, Filipa Cox, Karelyn Cruz-Martínez, Katarina Ihrmark, Gwen-Aëlle Grelet, Björn D. Lindahl, Audrius Menkis, Timothy Y. James,

Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology

Estimates suggest that only one-tenth of the true fungal diversity has been described. Among numerous fungal lineages known only from environmental DNA sequences, Soil Clone Group 1 is the most ubiquitous. These globally distributed fungi may dominate below-ground fungal communities, but their placement in the fungal tree of life has been uncertain. Here, we report cultures of this group and describe the class, Archaeorhizomycetes, phylogenetically placed within subphylum Taphrinomycotina in the Ascomycota. Archaeorhizomycetes comprises hundreds of cryptically reproducing filamentous species that do not form recognizable mycorrhizal structures and have saprotrophic potential, yet are omnipresent in roots and rhizosphere soil and show ecosystem and host root habitat specificity.