Artigo Revisado por pares

Portal hypertension and variceal bleeding: An AASLD single topic symposium

1998; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; Volume: 28; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1002/hep.510280339

ISSN

1527-3350

Autores

Norman D. Grace, Roberto J. Groszmann, Guadalupe García–Tsao, Andrew K. Burroughs, Luigi Pagliaro, Robert Makuch, Jaime Bosch, Gregory V. Stiegmann, Michael Henderson, Roberto de Franchis, Judith L. Wagner, Harold O. Conn, Juan Rodés,

Tópico(s)

Organ Transplantation Techniques and Outcomes

Resumo

HepatologyVolume 28, Issue 3 p. 868-880 Meeting ReportsFree Access Portal hypertension and variceal bleeding: An AASLD single topic symposium† Norman D. Grace M.D., Corresponding Author Norman D. Grace M.D. Division of Gastroenterology, Faulkner Hospital and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MAFaulkner Hospital, Division of Gastroenterology, 1153 Centre Street, Boston, MA 02130-3446. Fax: (617) 524-6599===Search for more papers by this authorRoberto J. Groszmann, Roberto J. Groszmann Section of Digestive Diseases, West Haven, CT and Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CTSearch for more papers by this authorGuadalupe Garcia-Tsao, Guadalupe Garcia-Tsao Section of Digestive Diseases, West Haven, CT and Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CTSearch for more papers by this authorAndrew K. Burroughs, Andrew K. Burroughs Division of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, London, EnglandSearch for more papers by this authorLuigi Pagliaro, Luigi Pagliaro Universita degli Studi di Palermo, Istituto di Medicina e Pneumologia, and Ospedale V. Cervello, Palermo, ItalySearch for more papers by this authorRobert W. Makuch, Robert W. Makuch Division of Biostatistics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CTSearch for more papers by this authorJaime Bosch, Jaime Bosch Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Hospital Clinic i Provincial, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorGregory V. Stiegmann, Gregory V. Stiegmann Department of General Surgery, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, COSearch for more papers by this authorJ. Michael Henderson, J. Michael Henderson Department of General Surgery, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OHSearch for more papers by this authorRoberto de Franchis, Roberto de Franchis Servizio di Gastroenterologie ed Endoscopia Digestiva, Universita Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, ItalySearch for more papers by this authorJudith L. Wagner, Judith L. Wagner Section of Health Services Evaluation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MNSearch for more papers by this authorHarold O. Conn, Harold O. Conn Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CTSearch for more papers by this authorJuan Rodes, Juan Rodes Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Hospital Clinic i Provincial, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainSearch for more papers by this author Norman D. Grace M.D., Corresponding Author Norman D. Grace M.D. Division of Gastroenterology, Faulkner Hospital and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MAFaulkner Hospital, Division of Gastroenterology, 1153 Centre Street, Boston, MA 02130-3446. Fax: (617) 524-6599===Search for more papers by this authorRoberto J. Groszmann, Roberto J. Groszmann Section of Digestive Diseases, West Haven, CT and Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CTSearch for more papers by this authorGuadalupe Garcia-Tsao, Guadalupe Garcia-Tsao Section of Digestive Diseases, West Haven, CT and Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CTSearch for more papers by this authorAndrew K. Burroughs, Andrew K. Burroughs Division of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, London, EnglandSearch for more papers by this authorLuigi Pagliaro, Luigi Pagliaro Universita degli Studi di Palermo, Istituto di Medicina e Pneumologia, and Ospedale V. Cervello, Palermo, ItalySearch for more papers by this authorRobert W. Makuch, Robert W. Makuch Division of Biostatistics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CTSearch for more papers by this authorJaime Bosch, Jaime Bosch Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Hospital Clinic i Provincial, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorGregory V. Stiegmann, Gregory V. Stiegmann Department of General Surgery, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, COSearch for more papers by this authorJ. Michael Henderson, J. Michael Henderson Department of General Surgery, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OHSearch for more papers by this authorRoberto de Franchis, Roberto de Franchis Servizio di Gastroenterologie ed Endoscopia Digestiva, Universita Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, ItalySearch for more papers by this authorJudith L. Wagner, Judith L. Wagner Section of Health Services Evaluation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MNSearch for more papers by this authorHarold O. Conn, Harold O. Conn Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CTSearch for more papers by this authorJuan Rodes, Juan Rodes Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Hospital Clinic i Provincial, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainSearch for more papers by this author First published: 30 December 2003 https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.510280339Citations: 287 † Sponsored by the American Association for the Study of Liver Disease AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat References 1 Shah V, Garcia-Gardena G, Sessa WC, Groszmann RJ. The hepatic circulation in health and disease: report of a single topic symposium. Hepatology 1998; 27: 279– 288.MEDLINE 2 Viallet A, Marleau D, Huet M, Martin F, Farley A, Villeneuve JP, Lavoie P. Hemodynamic evaluation of patients with intrahepatic portal hypertension. Relationship between bleeding varices and the portohepatic gradient. Gastroenterology 1975; 69: 1297– 1300.MEDLINE 3 Lebrec D, DeFleury P, Rueff B, Nahum H, Benhamou JP. Portal hypertension, size of esophageal varices and risks of gastrointestinal bleeding in alcoholic cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 1980; 79: 1139– 1144.MEDLINE 4 Garcia-Tsao G, Groszmann RJ, Fisher RL, Conn HO, Atterbury CE, Glickmann M. Portal pressure, presence of gastroesophageal varices and variceal bleeding. Hepatology 1985; 5: 419– 424.MEDLINE 5 Graham D, Smith JL. The course of patients after variceal hemorrhage. Gastroenterology 1981; 80: 800– 809.MEDLINE 6 Burroughs AK, Mezzanotte G, Phillips A, McCormick PA, McIntyre N. Cirrhotics with variceal hemorrhage: the importance of time interval between admission and the start of analysis for survival and rebleeding rates. Hepatology 1989; 9: 801– 807.MEDLINE 7 Nevens F, Bustami R, Scheys I, Lesaffre E, Fevery J. Variceal pressure is a factor predicting the risk of a first variceal bleeding: a prospective cohort study in cirrhotic patients. Hepatology 1998; 27: 15– 19.MEDLINE 8 Prediction of the first variceal hemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis of the liver and esophageal varices: a prospective multicenter study. The North Italian Endoscopic Club for the Study and Treatment of Esophageal Varices. N Engl J Med 1988; 319: 983– 989.MEDLINE 9 Pagliaro L, D'Amico G, Pasta L, Politi F, Vizzini G, Traina M, Madonia S, et al. Portal hypertension in cirrhosis: natural history. In: J Bosch, RJ Groszmann, eds. Portal Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Treatment. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1994; 72– 92. 10 Cales P, Desmorat H, Vinel JP, Caucanas JP, Ravaud A, Gerin P, Brouet P, et al. Incidence of large oesophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis: application to prophylaxis of first bleeding. Gut 1990; 31: 1298– 1302.MEDLINE 11 D'Amico G, Pagliaro L, Bosch J. The treatment of portal hypertension: a meta-analytic review. Hepatology 1995; 22: 332– 354.MEDLINE 12 de Franchis R. Developing consensus in portal hypertension [Editorial]. J Hepatol 1996; 25: 390– 394.MEDLINE 13 R De Franchis, ed. Portal Hypertension II. Proceedings of the Second Baveno International Consensus Workshop on Definitions, Methodology and Therapeutic Strategies. Oxford: Blackwell Science Ltd., 1996; 10– 17. 14 de Franchis R, Pascal JP, Ancona E, Burroughs AK, Henderson M, Fleig W, Groszmann R, et al. Definitions, methodology and therapeutic strategies in portal hypertension: a consensus development workshop, Baveno, Lake Maggiore, Italy, April 5 and 6, 1990. J Hepatol 1992; 15: 256– 261.MEDLINE 15 Feu F, Garcia-Pagan JC, Bosch J, Luca A, Teres J, Escorsell A, Rodes J. Relation between portal pressure response to pharmacotherapy and risk of recurrent variceal hemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis. Lancet 1995; 346: 1056– 1059.MEDLINE 16 Villanueva C, Balanzo J, Novella MT, Soriano G, Sainz S, Torras X, Cusso X, et al. Nadolol plus isosorbide mononitrate compared with sclerotherapy for the prevention of variceal rebleeding. N Engl J Med 1996; 334: 1624– 1629.MEDLINE 17 Armonis A, Patch D, Burroughs AK. Hepatic venous pressure measurement: an old test as a new prognostic marker in cirrhosis? Hepatology 1997; 25: 245– 248.MEDLINE 18 Byar DP, Schoenfeld DA, Green SB, Amato DA, Davis R, De Gruttola V, Finkelstein DM, et al. Design considerations for AIDS trials. N Engl J Med 1990; 323: 1343– 1348.MEDLINE 19 Rothman KJ, Michels KB. The continuing unethical use of placebo controls. N Engl J Med 1994; 331: 394– 398.MEDLINE 20 Collier J. Confusion over use of placebos in clinical trials. BMJ 1995; 311: 821– 822.MEDLINE 21 Jones B, Jarvis P, Lewis JA, Ebbutt AF. Trials to assess equivalence: the importance of rigorous methods. BMJ 1996; 313: 36– 39.MEDLINE 22 Makuch R, Johnson M. Issues in planning and interpreting active control eqivalence studies. J Clin Epidemiol 1989; 42: 503– 511.MEDLINE 23 Sung JJY, Chung SCS, Lai CW, Chan FKL, Leung JWC, Yung MY, Kassianides C, et al. Octreotide infusion or emergency sclerotherapy for variceal hemorrhage. Lancet 1993; 342: 637– 641.MEDLINE 24 Altman DG. Octreotide infusion versus injection sclerotherapy [Letter]. Lancet 1993; 342: 1486.MEDLINE 25 Martinez JM, Alvarez Fdez-Represa J. Octreotide infusion versus injection sclerotherapy [Letter]. Lancet 1993; 342: 1486. 26 Nicholl J. Is the study worth doing? [Letter]. Lancet 1993; 342: 809.MEDLINE 27 Thomsen BL, Möller S, Sörensen TIA. Optimized analysis of recurrent bleeding and death in patients with cirrhosis and oesophageal varices. The Copenhagen Esophageal Varices Sclerotherapy Project. J Hepatol 1994; 21: 367– 375.MEDLINE 28 Rothwell PM. Can overall results of clinical trials be applied to all patients? Lancet 1995; 345: 1616– 1619.MEDLINE 29 Schmid CH, McIntosh M, Cappelleri JC, Lau J, Chalmers TC. Measuring the impact of control rate in meta-analysis of clinical trials. Control Clin Trials 1995; 16: 665. 30 Glasziou PP, Irwig LM. An evidence based approach to individualising treatment. BMJ 1995; 311: 1356– 1359.MEDLINE 31 Pagliaro L, D'Amico G, Sörensen TIA, Lebrec D, Burroughs AK, Morabito A. Prevention of first bleeding in cirrhosis: a meta-analysis of randomized trials of nonsurgical treatment. Ann Intern Med 1992; 117: 59– 70.MEDLINE 32 Thompson SG. Why sources of heterogeneity in meta-analysis should be investigated. BMJ 1994; 309: 1351– 1355.MEDLINE 33 Forrow L, Taylor WC, Arnold RM. Absolutely relative: how research results are summarized can affect treatment decisions. Am J Med 1992; 92: 121– 124.MEDLINE 34 Naylor CD, Chen E, Strauss B. Measured enthusiasm: does the method of reporting trial results alter perception of therapeutic effectiveness? Ann Intern Med 1992; 117: 916– 921.MEDLINE 35 Laupacis A, Naylor CD, Sackett DL. How should the results of clinical trials be presented to clinicians? ACP Journal Club 1992 May-June 1992; 117: A12– A14. 36 Bobbio M, De Michelis B, Giustetto G. Completeness of reporting trial results: effect on physicians' willingness to prescribe. Lancet 1994; 343: 1209– 1211.MEDLINE 37 Laupacis A, Sackett DL, Roberts RS. An assessment of clinically useful measures of the consequences of treatment. N Engl J Med 1988; 318: 1728– 1733.MEDLINE 38 The Standards of Reporting Trial Groups. A proposal for structured reporting of randomized controlled trials. JAMA 1994; 272: 1926– 1931.MEDLINE 39 Taddio A, Pain T, Fassos FF, Boon H, Ilersich L, Einarson R. Quality of non-structured and structured abstracts from original research articles in the BMJ, CMAJ and JAMA. Can Med Assoc J 1994; 150: 1611– 1615. 40 Begg C, Cho M, Eastwood S, Horton R, Moher D, Olkin I, Pitkin R, et al. Improving the quality of reporting of randomized controlled trials. JAMA 1996; 276: 637– 663.MEDLINE 41 The Asilomar Working Group on Recommendations for Reporting of Clinical Trials in the Biomedical Literature. Checklist of information for inclusion in reports of clinical trials. Ann Intern Med 1996; 124: 741– 743.MEDLINE 42 Poynard T, Calès P, Pasta L, Ideo G, Pascal JP, Paglìaro L, Lebrec D, et al. Beta-adrenergic-antagonist drugs in the prevention of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis and esophageal varices: an analysis of data and prognostic factors in 589 patients from four randomized clinical trials. N Engl J Med 1991; 324: 1532– 1538.MEDLINE 43 Stewart LA, Parmar MKB. Meta-analysis of the literature or of individual patient data: is there a difference? Lancet 1993; 341: 418– 422.MEDLINE 44 Friedman HP, Goldberg JD. Meta-analysis: an introduction and point of view. Hepatology 1996; 23: 917– 928.MEDLINE 45 Yusuf S, Wittes J, Probstfield J, Tyroler HA. Analysis and interpretation of treatment effects in subgroups of patients in randomized clinical trials. JAMA 1991; 266: 93– 98.MEDLINE 46 Oxman AD, Guyatt GH. A consumer's guide to subgroup analysis. Ann Intern Med 1992; 116: 78– 84.MEDLINE 47 Schwarz RP. Maintaining integrity and credibility in industry-sponsored clinical research. Control Clin Trials 1991; 12: 753– 760.MEDLINE 48 Shimm DS, Spece RG. Industry reimbursement for entering patients into clinical trials: legal and ethical issues. Ann Intern Med 1991; 115: 148– 151.MEDLINE 49 Waldron HA, Cookson RF. Avoiding the pitfalls of sponsored multicentre research in general practice. BMJ 1993; 307: 1331– 1334.MEDLINE 50 Chalmers I. Underreporting research is scientific misconduct. JAMA 1990; 263: 1405– 1408.MEDLINE 51 Relman AS. Economic incentives in clinical investigation. N Engl J Med 1989; 320: 933– 934.MEDLINE 52 DerSimonian R, Laird N. Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Controlled Clinical Trials 1986; 7: 177– 186.MEDLINE 53 Draper D, Gaver DP, Goel PK. Anonymous combining information: statistical issues and opportunities for research: contemporary statistics number 1. Washington DC: National Academy Press, 1992. 54 Fleiss J. The statistical basis of meta-analysis. Stat Methods Med Res 1993; 2: 121– 145.MEDLINE 55 Bailey KR. Inter-study differences: how should they influence the interpretation and analysis of results? Stat Med 1987; 6: 351– 358.MEDLINE 56 DeMets DL. Methods for combining randomized clinical trials: strengths and limitations. Stat Med 1987; 6: 341– 348.MEDLINE 57 Meier P. Statistics and medical experimentation. Biometrics 1975; 31: 511– 529.MEDLINE 58 Peto R. Discussion: why do we need systematic overviews of randomized trials? Stat Med 1987; 6: 242. 59 Provenzale D, Lipscomb J. Cost-effectiveness: definitions and use in the gastroenterology literature. Am J Gastroenterol 1996; 91: 1488– 1493.MEDLINE 60 Detsky AS, Naglie IG. A clinician's guide to cost-effectiveness analysis. Ann Intern Med 1990; 113: 147– 154.MEDLINE 61 Glass GV. Primary, secondary and meta-analysis of research. Educ Res 1976; 5: 3– 90. 62 Stewart LA, Clarke MJ. Practical methodology of meta-analysis (overviews) using updated individual patient data. The Cochrane Working Group on meta-analysis using individual patient data. Stat Med 1995; 14: 2057– 2079.MEDLINE 63 Boissel JP, Bossard N. Registry of prospective clinical trials. Eleventh report. Thromb Haemost 1991; 66: 368– 383.MEDLINE 64 Felson DT. Bias in meta-analytic research. J Clin Epidemiol 1992; 45: 885– 892.MEDLINE 65 Bailar JC. The practice of meta-analysis. J Clin Epidemiol 1995; 48: 149– 157.MEDLINE 66 Burroughs AK, Bosch J. Clinical manifestations and management of bleeding episodes in cirrhotics. In: N McIntyre, JP Benhamou, J Bircher, M Rizzeto, J Rodes, eds. Oxford Textbook of Clinical Hepatology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991; 408– 425. 67 Grace ND. Prevention of initial variceal hemorrhage. In: RJ Groszmann, ND Grace, eds. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America: Complications of Portal Hypertension: Esophagogastric Varices and Ascites. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1992; 149– 161. 68 Angelico M, Carli L, Piat C, Gentile S, Capocaccia L. Effects of isosorbide-5-mononitrate compared with propranolol on first bleeding and long-term survival in cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 1997; 113: 1632– 1639.MEDLINE 69 Merkel C, Martin R, Enzo E, Donada C, Cavallarin G, Torboli P, Amodio P, et al. Randomized trial of nadolol alone or with isosorbide mononitrate for primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in cirrhosis. Lancet 1996; 348: 1677– 1681.MEDLINE 70 Besson I, Ingrand P, Person B, Boutroux D, Heresbach D, Bernard P, Hochain P, et al. Sclerotherapy with or without octreotide for acute variceal bleeding. N Engl J Med 1995; 333: 555– 560.MEDLINE 71 Levacher S, Letoumelin P, Pateron D, Blaise M, Lapandry C, Pourriat JL. Early administration of terlipressin plus glyceryl trinitrate to control active upper gastrointestinal bleeding in cirrhotic patients. Lancet 1995; 346: 865– 868.MEDLINE 72 Bernard B, Lebrec D, Mathurin P, Opolon P, Poynard T. Beta-adrenergic antagonists in the prevention of gastrointestinal rebleeding in patients with cirrhosis: a meta-analysis. Hepatology 1997; 25: 63– 70.MEDLINE 73 García-Pagán JC, Feu F, Bosch J, Rodes J. Propranolol compared with propranolol plus isosorbide-5-mononitrate for portal hypertension in cirrhosis. Ann Intern Med 1991; 114: 869– 873.MEDLINE 74 McCormick P, Burroughs A. Prophylaxis for variceal hemorrhage. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 1992; 2: 167– 182. 75 Sarin S, Guptan R, Jain A. A randomized controlled trial of endoscopic variceal band ligation for primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding [Abstract]. Gastroenterol 1994; 106: 975A. 76 Laine L, Cook D. Endoscopic ligation compared with sclerotherapy for treatment of esophageal variceal bleeding: a meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med 1995; 123: 280– 287.MEDLINE 77 Stiegmann GV, Goff JS, Michaletz-Onody PA, Korula J, Lieberman D, Saeed ZA, Reveille RM, et al. Endoscopic sclerotherapy as compared with endoscopic ligation for bleeding esophageal varices. N Engl J Med 1992; 326: 1527– 1521.MEDLINE 78 Jensen D, Kivacs T, Randall G, You S, Pelayo E, Jensen M. Initial results of a randomized study of emergency banding vs. sclerotherapy for bleeding gastric or esophageal varices [Abstract]. Gastrointest Endosc 1993; 39: 279. 79 Lo G, Lai K, Chang C, Jeng J, Chen S, Lin C, Chiang H. A prospective, randomized trial of injection sclerotherapy vs. banding ligation in the management of bleeding esophageal varices. Gastroenterology 1994; 106: A933. 80 Mundo F, Mitrani C, Rodriguez G, Farca A. Endoscopic variceal treatment, is band ligation taking over sclerotherapy? [Abstract]. Am J Gastroenterol 1993; 88: 1493A. 81 Hou MC, Lin HC, Kuo BIT, Chen CH, Lee FA, Lee SD. Comparison of endoscopic variceal injection sclerotherapy and ligation for the treatment of esophageal variceal hemorrhage. A prospective randomized trial. Hepatology 1995; 21: 1517– 1522.MEDLINE 82 Cooper M, Abedi M, Haber G, Kortan P, Kandel G, Marcon N. Outcomes of rubber band ligation (RBL) of acute variceal hemorrhage: comparing those with an identifiable bleeding site vs. those with varices and no other bleeding sources [Abstract]. Gastrointest Endosc 1996; 43: 332A. 83 Young M, Sanowski R, Rasche R. Comparison and characterization of ulcerations induced by endoscopic ligation of esophageal varices versus endoscopic sclerotherapy. Gastrointest Endosc 1993; 39: 119– 122.MEDLINE 84 Grainek I, Jensen D, Jensen M, Cheng S, Gornbein J, Kovacs T, Jutabha R, et al. Assessment of direct costs of medical care in a prospective, randomized, blinded study of banding vs. sclerotherapy for preventing recurrent variceal hemorrhage for patients without active bleeding at endoscopy [Abstract]. Gastrointest Endosc 1996; 43: 313. 85 Liu J, Miller L, Field R, Barbarevech C, Needleman L, Goldberg B. Gastric and esophageal varices: 20 MHz transnasal endoluminal. US Radiol 1993; 187: 363– 366. 86 Miller L, Schiano T, Adrian A, Cassidy M, Liu J, Ter H, Bellary S, et al. Comparison of high resolution endoluminal sonography to video endoscopy in the detection and evaluation of esophageal varices. Hepatology 1996; 24: 552– 555.MEDLINE 87 Nagamine N, Ido K, Ueno N, Kimura K, Kawamata T, Kawada H, Hirasawa T, et al. The usefulness of ultrasonic microprobe imaging for endoscopic variceal ligation. Am J Gastroenterol 1996; 91: 523– 529.MEDLINE 88 Escorsell A, Bordas JP, Feu F, Garcia-Pagan JC, Gines A, Bosch J, Rodes J. Endoscopic assessment of variceal volume and wall tension in cirrhotic patients: effects of pharmacological therapy. Gastroenterology 1997; 113: 1640– 1646.MEDLINE 89 Chouduri G, Srivastava A, Agarwal D, Dhiman R. Endosonographic evaluation of venous changes around the gastroesophageal junction during sclerotherapy and band ligation of varices [Abstract]. Gastroenterol 1996; 110: 1170A. 90 Leung V, Sung J, Ahuja A, Chung S. Large para-esophageal varices on endosonography predict recurrence of esophageal varices and rebleeding [Abstract]. Gastrointest Endosc 1996; 43: 425A. 91 Starzl TE, Donner A, Eliaszin M, Stitt L, Meier P, Fung JJ, McMichael JP, et al. Randomized trialomania? The multicenter liver transplant trials of tacralinius. Lancet 1995; 346: 1346– 1350.MEDLINE 92 Turcotte JG. Liver transplantation in the USA. In: J Neuberger, MR Luce, eds. Liver Transplantation. London: BMJ Publishing group, 1994; 127– 142. 93 Iwatsuki S, Starzl TE, Todo S, Gordon RD, Tzakis AG, Marsh W, Makowka L, et al. Liver transplantation in the treatment of bleeding esophageal varices. Surgery 1988; 104: 697– 705.MEDLINE 94 Wood RP, Shaw BW, Rikkers LF. Liver transplantation for variceal hemorrhage. Surg Clin North Am 1990; 70: 449– 461.MEDLINE 95 Bismuth H, Adams R, Mathur S, Sherlock D. Options for elective treatment of portal hypertension in cirrhotic patients in the transplantation era. Am J Surg 1990; 160: 105– 110.MEDLINE 96 Henderson JM, Gilmore GT, Hooks MA, Galloway JR, Dodson TF, Hood MM, Kutner MH, et al. Selective shunt in the management of variceal bleeding in the era of liver transplantation. Ann Surg 1992; 216: 248– 255.MEDLINE 97 Ringe B, Lang H, Tusch G, Pichlmayr R. Role of liver transplantation in management of esophageal variceal hemorrhage. World J Surg 1994; 18: 233– 239.MEDLINE 98 Hermann RE, Henderson JM, Vogt DP, Mayes JT, Geisinger MA, Agnor C. Fifty years of surgery for portal hypertension at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation. Ann Surg 1995; 221: 459– 468.MEDLINE 99 Esquivel CO, Klintmalm G, Iwatsuki S, Makowka L, Gordon RD, Tzakis A, Starzl TE. Liver transplantation in patients with patent splenorenal shunts. Surgery 1987; 101: 430– 432.MEDLINE 100 Brems JJ, Hiatt JR, Klein AS, Millis M, Colonna JO, Quinones-Baldrich WJ, Ramming KP, et al. Effect of a prior portasystemic shunt on subsequent liver transplantation. Ann Surg 1989; 209: 51– 56.MEDLINE 101 Broelsch E, Vogelbach P, Emond JC, Thistlewaite JR, Woodle SA, Baker AL, Whitington PF. [Shunt surgery with reference to indications for liver transplantation]. Langenbecks Archiv fur Chirurgie-Supplement II-Verhandlungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Chirurgie 1989; 293– 299. 102 Mazzaferro V, Todo S, Tzakis AG, Stieber AC, Makowka L, Starzl TE. Liver transplantation in patients with previous portasystemic shunt. Am J Surg 1990; 160: 111– 116.MEDLINE 103 Turrion VS, Mora NP, Cofer JB, Solomon H, Morris CA, Gonwa TA, Goldstein RM, et al. Retrospective evaluation of liver transplantation for cirrhosis: a comparative study of 100 patients with or without previous porto-systemic shunts. Transplant Proc 1991; 23: 1570– 1571.MEDLINE 104 Aboujaoude M, Grant D, Ghent C, Mimeault R, Wall W. Effect of portasystemic shunts on subsequent transplantation of the liver. Surg Gyn Obstet 1991; 172: 215– 219. 105 Boillot O, Houssin D, Santoni P, Ozier Y, Matmar M, Chapuis Y. Liver transplantation in patients with a surgical portasystemic shunts. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 1991; 15: 876– 880.MEDLINE 106 Langnas AN, Marujo WC, Stratta RJ, Donovan JP, Sorrell MF, Rikkers LF, Shaw BWJ. Influence of a prior porta-systemic shunt on outcome after liver transplantation. Am J Gastroenterol 1992; 87: 714– 718.MEDLINE 107 Ploeg RJ, D'Alessandro AM, Stegall MD, Wojtowycz M, Sproat IA, Knechtle SJ, Pirsch JD, et al. Effect of surgical and spontaneous portasystemic shunts on liver transplantation. Transplant Proc 1993; 25: 1946– 1948.MEDLINE 108 Lerut JP, Mazza D, van Leeuw V, Laterre PF, Donataccio M, de Ville de Goyet J, Van Beers B, et al. Adult liver transplantation and abnormalities of splanchnic veins: experience in 53 patients. Transplant Int 1997; 10: 125– 132. 109 Orloff J, Orloff MS, Orloff SL, Rambotti M, Girard B. Three decades of experience with emergency portacaval shunt for acutely bleeding esophageal varices in 400 unselected patients with cirrhosis of the liver. J Am Coll Surg 1995; 179: 257– 272. 110 Stipa S, Balducci G, Ziparo V, Stipa F, Lucandri G. Total shunting and elective management of variceal bleeding. World J Surg 1994; 18: 200– 204.MEDLINE 111 Sarfeh IJ, Rypins EB. Partial versus total portacaval shunt in alcoholic cirrhosis. Ann Surg 1994; 219: 353– 361.MEDLINE 112 Rosemurgy AS, Goode SE, Zweibel BR, Black TJ, Brady PG. A prospective trial of TIPS vs small diameter prosthetic H graft portacaval shunt in the treatment of bleeding varices. Ann Surg 1996; 224: 378– 386.MEDLINE 113 Rikkers LF. Is the distal splenorenal shunt better? Hepatology 1988; 8: 1705– 1707.MEDLINE 114 Spina GP, Henderson JM, Rikkers LF, Terés J, Burroughs AK, Conn HO, Pagliaro L, et al. Distal splenorenal shunt versus endoscopic sclerotherapy in the prevention of variceal bleeding. A meta-analysis of 4 randomized clinical trials. J Hepatol 1992; 16: 338– 345.MEDLINE 115 Sarfeh IJ, Rypins EB, Mason GR. A systematic appraisal of portacaval H-graft diameters. Ann Surg 1986; 204: 356– 362.MEDLINE 116 Warren WD, Zeppa R, Foman JS. Selective transplenic decompression of gastroesophageal varices by distal splenorenal shunt. Ann Surg 1967; 166: 437– 455.MEDLINE 117 Rikkers LF, Jin G, Burnett DA, Buchi KN, Cormier RA. Shunt surgery vs. endoscopic sclerotherapy for variceal hemorrhage. Late results of a randomized trial. Am J Surg 1993; 165: 27– 33.MEDLINE 118 Idezuki Y, Kakudo N, Sanjo K, Bandai Y. Sugiura procedure for management of variceal bleeding in Japan. World J Surg 1994; 18: 216– 221.MEDLINE 119 Dagenasi M, Langer B, Taylor BR, Greig PD. Experience with radical esophagogastric devascularization procedures (Sugiura) for variceal bleeding outside Japan. World J Surg 1994; 18: 222– 228.MEDLINE 120 Grace ND. The side-to-side portacaval shunt revisited. N Engl J Med 1994; 330: 208– 209.MEDLINE 121 LaBerge JM, Ring EJ, Gordon R, Lake JR, Doherty MM, Somberg KA, Roberts JP, et al. Creation of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts with the Wallstent endoprosthesis: results in 100 patients. Radiology 1993; 187: 413– 420.MEDLINE 122 Rössle M, Haag K, Ochs A, Sellinger M, Nöldge G, Perarnau JM, Berger E, et al. The transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt procedure for variceal bleeding. N Engl J Med 1994; 330: 165– 171.MEDLINE 123 La Berge JM, Somberg KA, Lake JR, Gordon RL, Kerlan RK, Ascher NL, Roberts JP, et al. Two-year outcome following transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for variceal bleeding: results in 90 patients. Gastroenterology 1995; 108: 1143– 1151.MEDLINE 124 Helton WS, Belshaw A, Althans S, Port S, Caldwell D, Johanasen K. Critical appraisal of the angiographic portocaval shunt (TIPS). Am J Surg 1993; 165: 566– 571.MEDLINE 125 Echenagusia AJ, Camúñez F, Simó G, Peiró J, Garay MG, Rodriguez Laiz JM. Variceal hemorrhage: efficacy of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts created with Strecker Stents. Radiology 1994; 192: 235– 240.MEDLINE 126 McCormick PA, Dick R, Panagau EB, Chin JK, Greenslade L, McIntyre N, Burroughs AK. Emergency transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunting as salvage treatment for uncontrolled variceal bleeding. Br J Surg 1994; 81: 1324– 1327.MEDLINE 127 Sauer P, Stiehl A, Hermann S, Richter G, Roeren T, Theilmann L. Stent stenosis after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt [Abstract]. Hepatology 1994; 20: 108A. 128 Peramau JM, Mrani SM, Sarkis M, Raabe JJ, Arboqast J. TIPS indications are depending on follow up [Abstract]. Hepatology 1994; 20: 108A. 129 Caldwell DM, Ring EJ, Rees CR, Zemel G, Darcy MD, Haskal ZJ, McKusick MA, et al. Multicenter investigation of the role of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in management o

Referência(s)
Altmetric
PlumX