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The use of acids, niobium oxide, and zeolite catalysts for esterification reactions

2009; Wiley; Volume: 22; Issue: 7 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1002/poc.1520

1099-1395

Donato Alexandre Gomes Aranda, Jussara de Araújo Gonçalves, José Sotolongo Peres, André Luís Dantas Ramos, Carlos Augusto Ribeiro de Melo, O. A. C. Antunes, Nelson C. Furtado, Carlton A. Taft,

Thermal and Kinetic Analysis

Abstract We have evaluated the influence of alcohol/fatty acid molar ratio (methanol or ethanol), water and catalyst concentrations and temperature by the esterification of palm fatty acids by heterogeneous acid catalysts (varying types, forms, and particle size). Polynaphtalene sulfonic acid (PSA) and niobium oxide (Nb 2 O 5 ) presented better performance than zeolite catalysts. Reaction with methanol presented higher conversion than with ethanol. The experimental design showed that the most relevant variable is the catalyst concentration and all interactions become important in process. A heterogeneous kinetic model was proposed and applied to experimental data. One of the models was adequate for methanol reaction, whereas the homogeneous model was more appropriate for ethanol reaction. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.