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Exosomes: Novel Biomarkers for Clinical Diagnosis

2015; Hindawi Publishing Corporation; Volume: 2015; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1155/2015/657086

2356-6140

Lin Jin, Jing Li, Bo Huang, Jing Liu, Xin Chen, Ximin Chen, Yanmei Xu, Linfeng Huang, Xiaozhong Wang,

Viral Infections and Vectors

Exosomes are 30–120 nm endocytic membrane‐derived vesicles that participate in cell‐to‐cell communication and protein and RNA delivery. Exosomes harbor a variety of proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids and are present in many and perhaps all bodily fluids. A significant body of literature has demonstrated that molecular constituents of exosomes, especially exosomal proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs), hold great promise as novel biomarkers for clinical diagnosis. In this minireview, we summarize recent advances in the research of exosomal biomarkers and their potential application in clinical diagnostics. We also provide a brief overview of the formation, function, and isolation of exosomes.