Ecological Studies of the Tomato Pinworm on Tomato in Southern California1
1970; Oxford University Press; Volume: 63; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1093/jee/63.5.1531
ISSN1938-291X
Autores Tópico(s)Plant and animal studies
ResumoEmlogical studies of the tomato pinworm, Keifernia lyco-persicella (Walsingham), were conducted on fresh-market tomatoes in southern California in 1963 and 1964. Larval density, parasitization, and fruit infestation were determined at weekly intervals by collecting infested leaves on a time-search basis and by examining ripe tomatoes during harvest. At Indio in 1963, the larval density increased from 40 per 1-man-hour search on Apr. 19 to 2924 per 1-man-hour on May 31; fruit infestation increased from o to 70% by June 13 and larva parasitization from 2.9 to 69%. At Escondido in 1963 the population reached a peak of 264 larvae per ½-man-hour search in the 2nd consetive tomato planting on Sept. 12, but never exceeded 58 per ½-man-hour in any of the plantings in 1964. Fruit infestation increased to 76% by the end of the growing season in 1963 and to 64% in 1964. In both years, larval parasitization increased to high levels as the season progressed with up to 100% being recorded. Six species of parasites were reared from the tomato pinworm larvae, including the braconids Apanteles scutellaris Muesebeck, Bracon gelechiae Ashmead, and Pamhormius pallidipes (Ashmead); the eulophids Chrylsocharis sp. and Sympiesis stigmatipennis Girault; and the ichneumonid Campoplex sp. A. scutellaris was the most common, followed by P. pallidipes and S. stigmatipennis in that order. An additional braconid, A. dignus Muesebeck, was later reared from larvae collected on tomato at San Juan Capistrano.
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