Enhancement of an Ullmann coupling reaction induced by ultrasound
1986; Elsevier BV; Volume: 24; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1016/0041-624x(86)90108-3
ISSN1874-9968
AutoresJames T. Lindley, J.P. Lorimer, Timothy J. Mason,
Tópico(s)Ultrasound and Cavitation Phenomena
ResumoUltrasonic irradiation during the Ullmann coupling reaction of 2-iodonitrobenzene in the presence of a 4-fold excess of copper powder leads to a 50-fold increase in reactivity. Although sonication has been shown to reduce the particle size of the copper this factor alone is not sufficient to explain the large rate enhancement observed. Ultrasonic irradiation may well be serving to sweep reacted species away from the metal surface exposing a fresh surface on which reaction can take place.
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