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α-Amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) susceptibility rather than viscosity or gastric emptying rate controls plasma responses to starch in healthy humans

1990; Cambridge University Press; Volume: 63; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1079/bjn19900108

1475-2662

Francis Bornet, Y. Bizais, Stanislas Bruley des Varannes, B. Pouliquen, Julie Laval, Jean–Paul Galmiche,

Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes

The relationship between starch α-amylase ( EC 3.2.1.1) susceptibility, plasma responses and gastric emptying rates has been investigated in humans. Nine randomly chosen healthy subjects were given three carbohydrate test meals (25 g starch or equivalent glucose units): two maize starch pastes with ( a ) 240 (S24) or ( b ) 500 (S50) g amylose/kg, and a glucose solution (GS). At 30 min, in vitro starch α-amylolysis was 48 ( sd 4)% for S24 and 35 ( sd 4)% for S50. Test meals differed in viscosity (mPas: S24, 54000; S50, 190; GS, 4). Carbohydrates were labelled with 99m Technetium and isotope gastric emptying was measured by external gamma counting. Carbohydrate isotopic gastric emptying patterns were exponential. Half gastric emptying time (min) was significantly ( P < 0.05) shorter for S50 (19 ( sd 2)) than for GS (26 ( sd 2)) or S24 (29 ( sd 2)). No correlation was found between half gastric emptying time and plasma response values. Values for peak insulin (pmol/l) above fasting were significantly ( P < 0.05) different: GS, 306 ( sd 11); S24, 227 ( sd 11); S50, 187 ( sd 11). It is concluded that α-amylase susceptibility of the test carbohydrates is a determining factor in the insulin response of healthy subjects, while viscosity of the test meals and gastric emptying rate have no effect.