SUBMERSION INJURIES IN CHILDREN AND ADULTS
1997; Elsevier BV; Volume: 13; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70325-0
ISSN1557-8232
AutoresLucian K. DeNicola, Jay L. Falk, Mark E. Swanson, Michael Gayle, Niranjan Kissoon,
Tópico(s)Trauma and Emergency Care Studies
ResumoAn ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. P.C. HALIBURTON Drowning is defined as death by suffocation after submersion in a liquid medium. Near drowning is a term used when a patient recovers, at least temporarily, from the drowning episode. Most authors include loss of consciousness while submerged to complete the criteria of near drowning. Patients who are initially resuscitated following submersion, but who expire within 24 hours, are ultimately classified as drowning victims. Immersion injury is a generic term that refers to all patients who have experienced an episode in which submersion occurred. 83 Secondary drowning refers to patients who have recovered uneventfully from a submersion injury and are asymptomatic for a protracted period of time but who later succumb from respiratory failure secondary to the episode. The existence of secondary drowning has been questioned in the literature, and the term should probably not be used. Patients with so-called secondary drowning have subtle but clearly manifest respiratory compromise immediately after submersion. 99 As many as 15% to 20% of near-drowning victims who ultimately expire may do so with severe respiratory failure. Nonetheless, the term secondary drowning is misleading, because most of these patients have secondary pulmonary infections and concomitant severe neurologic dysfunction. 19
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