First Report of Fusarium solani Phylogenetic Species 25 Associated With Early Stages of Thousand Cankers Disease on Juglans nigra and Juglans regia in Italy
2015; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 99; Issue: 8 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1094/pdis-01-15-0103-pdn
ISSN1943-7692
AutoresLucio Montecchio, Massimo Faccoli, Dylan P. G. Short, Genny Fanchin, David M. Geiser, Matthew T. Kasson,
Tópico(s)Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
ResumoHomePlant DiseaseVol. 99, No. 8First Report of Fusarium solani Phylogenetic Species 25 Associated With Early Stages of Thousand Cankers Disease on Juglans nigra and Juglans regia in Italy PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Fusarium solani Phylogenetic Species 25 Associated With Early Stages of Thousand Cankers Disease on Juglans nigra and Juglans regia in ItalyL. Montecchio, M. Faccoli, D. P. G. Short, G. Fanchin, D. M. Geiser, and M. T. KassonL. Montecchio, M. Faccoli, D. P. G. Short, G. Fanchin, D. M. Geiser, and M. T. KassonAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations L. Montecchio , Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture, and Forestry (TeSAF), University of Padova, Italy M. Faccoli , Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Italy D. P. G. Short , Division of Plant and Soil Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown G. Fanchin , Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture, and Forestry (TeSAF), University of Padova, Italy D. M. Geiser , Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park M. T. Kasson , Division of Plant and Soil Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown. Published Online:25 Jun 2015https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-01-15-0103-PDNAboutSectionsSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat Thousand cankers disease (TCD) is a disease of Juglans spp. resulting from phloem necrosis caused by numerous coalescing Geosmithia morbida (Gm) branch cankers formed around entrance holes and galleries of its vector, the walnut twig beetle (WTB). Since 2010, TCD has been reported from black walnut (J. nigra) in the eastern United States (Griffin 2014) and more recently from Italy (Montecchio and Faccoli 2014) as well as from English walnut (J. regia) in both countries (Montecchio et al. 2014; Yaghmour et al. 2014). Members of the Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC) are associated with later stage TCD in the United States (Tisserat et al. 2009), but their role in early WTB colonization is unclear. From 2013 to 2014, FSSC-like colonies, in addition to Gm, were isolated from cankers on symptomatic J. nigra and J. regia in Italy. FSSC-like fungi were isolated from 82 and 64% of branch cankers from four J. nigra and four J. regia and 30% of 186 WTB from J. nigra. Symptoms included cankers surrounding WTB galleries as described for Gm in Italy (Montecchio and Faccoli 2014; Montecchio et al. 2014). From the necrotic margin of four branch cankers from four J. nigra, wood chips were excised and plated. In addition to Gm, a fungus with abundant aerial mycelium and sporodochia containing 2 to 3 septa macroconidia grew. Oval to kidney-shaped, aseptate microconidia were produced from elongate monophialides consistent with the FSSC. Four isolates were sent to the Fusarium Research Center (Penn State Univ.) for molecular confirmation. Portions of the nuclear ribosomal RNA gene repeat (rDNA), translation elongation factor 1-α (EF1-α), DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit 1 (RPB1), and DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit 2 (RPB2) were PCR amplified and sequenced to resolve placement within the FSSC. Initial GenBank BLASTn searches revealed isolate S1, S2, and S4 RPB1 sequences (deposited as KP696752 for S1) were all 99% identical to FSSC 25 (HM347154) and 100% to each other but different from isolate S3, which was 99% similar to FSSC 18 (HM347153). Isolate S1 was used for pathogenicity and multilocus studies. A BLAST search of S1 rDNA sequence (KP696750) was 99% similarity to AB513852, while EF1-α and RPB2 sequences (deposited as KP696749 and KP696751) were 99% similar to DQ247638 and EF469958, respectively. Alignment with known FSSC phylogenetic species confirmed S1 as FSSC 25. Pathogenicity was confirmed by placing 3 mm diam. PDA plugs of FSSC isolate S1, Gm isolate LM13GMN, both (split-plug), or sterile plugs into 10 cork borer-wounded 3-year-old J. nigra and J. regia saplings per treatment. Inoculated parafilmed trees were maintained in the greenhouse for 100 days. Inoculations with isolates Gm and S1 both individually and in combination on J. nigra resulted in cankers with similar mean areas of 4.8, 3.1, and 3.1 cm2 and greater than (P < 0.05) the negative control (0.5 cm2). For J. regia, cankers were 3× smaller compared with J. nigra, with similar mean areas of 1.5, 1.3, and 1.4 cm2, respectively, and greater than (P < 0.05) the negative control (0.3 cm2). Isolations from cankers and sequencing confirmed FSSC and/or Gm. These results support FSSC 25 as an early colonizer of WTB infested J. nigra and J. regia, and a contributing pathogen to early stages of TCD.References:Griffin, G. J. 2014. For. Pathol. (in press), doi:10.1111/efp.12154. Google ScholarMontecchio, L., et al. 2014. Plant Dis. 98:1445. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-07-14-0719-PDN Link, ISI, Google ScholarMontecchio, L., and Faccoli, M. 2014. Plant Dis. 98:696. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-10-13-1027-PDN Link, ISI, Google ScholarTisserat, N., et al. 2009. Plant Health Prog. Online. Google ScholarYaghmour, M. A., et al. 2014. Plant Dis. 98:1441. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-06-14-0569-PDN Link, ISI, Google ScholarDetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 99, No. 8 August 2015SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Metrics Article History Issue Date: 6 Aug 2015Published: 25 Jun 2015First Look: 24 Feb 2015Accepted: 17 Feb 2015 Pages: 1183-1183 Information© 2015 The American Phytopathological SocietyCited byThousand Cankers Disease in Walnut Trees in Europe: Current Status and Management19 January 2023 | Pathogens, Vol. 12, No. 2Morphology and phylogeny of ascomycetes associated with walnut trees (Juglans regia) in Sichuan province, China20 October 2022 | Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol. 13Differential Virulence Among Geosmithia morbida Isolates Collected Across the United States Occurrence Range of Thousand Cankers Disease31 March 2022 | Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Vol. 5Haematonectria haematococca (dry rot of potato)CABI Compendium, Vol. CABI CompendiumGeosmithia morbida (thousand cankers disease)CABI Compendium, Vol. CABI CompendiumForest and Plantation Soil Microbiomes Differ in Their Capacity to Suppress Feedback Between Geosmithia morbida and Rhizosphere Pathogens of Juglans nigra SeedlingsGeoffrey M. 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