The past, present and future of a lizard: The phylogeography and extinction risk of Sceloporus serrifer (Squamata: Phrynosomatidae) under a global warming scenario
2015; Elsevier BV; Volume: 254; Linguagem: Inglês
10.1016/j.jcz.2014.12.004
ISSN1873-2674
AutoresNorberto Martínez‐Méndez, Omar Mejía, Fausto R. Méndez de la Cruz,
Tópico(s)Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
ResumoAccording to the cold-climate hypothesis, viviparity in reptiles evolved in cold environments to allow females to maintain adequate temperatures for their embryos. We were interested in understanding the past climate conditions that allowed the secondary invasion of viviparous species in lowlands and whether global warming will affect lowland and highland populations in the same way. Thus, we investigated Sceloporus serrifer, a viviparous lizard that inhabits the highlands of Chiapas and Guatemala and lowlands on the Yucatan Peninsula. Systematic and phylogeographic analyses were conducted using the ND4 and CytB mitochondrial regions to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships across the distributional range of S. serrifer subspecies and thereby infer the sequence of invasions into lowlands, in addition to investigating the potential impact of Pleistocene range shifts on phylogeographic patterns. We used correlative ecological niche models to infer the paleodistribution and mechanistic analysis to calculate the extinction risk of the S. serrifer populations. The phylogeographic history is complex due to effects of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Thus, two waves of colonization of the lowlands could be traced. Finally, evaluations of extinction risk performed under different climate change scenarios predicted that the majority of the lowland populations will be extinct by 2070.
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