Renovation and Orthodoxy
1997; SAGE Publishing; Volume: 24; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1177/0094582x9702400206
ISSN1552-678X
Autores Tópico(s)International Relations in Latin America
ResumoThe electoral defeat of Nicaragua's Frente Sandinista de Liberaci6n Nacional (Sandinista National Liberation Front-FSLN) in February 1990 created a party identity crisis. The defeat shook political confidence within the FSLN and plunged the party into electoral opposition after 11 years as a ruling party. Operating in this unfamiliar political terrain challenged Sandinism to redefine and reevaluate its ideological and political role as a party of the left grounded in a revolutionary ethos but existing in a post-cold-war world. The FSLN's unexpected defeat also helped exacerbate cleavages within the party, spawning divisions representing very different visions of the party's new role in opposition. From this division emerged the Movimiento de Renovacion Sandinista (Sandinista Renovation MovementMRS). The origins of the MRS date to 1990, but it received both national attention and name four years later during the FSLN's May 1994 Extraordinary Congress. The Asamblea Sandinista (Sandinista Assembly-AS) at this time did not reelect the reform-minded former Sandinista vice president Sergio Ramfrez Mercado to the party's national directorate. Post-Congress media reports pointed to debate over political tactics, including the party's political relationship with the newly elected government of Violeta Chamorro, as having led to Ramfrez's ouster. A year later the MRS had become a party with Ramfrez as leader; it registered as an official party on May 18, 1995, exactly 100 years after the birth of Augusto Cesar Sandino.
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