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Pancreas cancer and coffee and tea consumption: A case-control study

1984; Springer Nature; Volume: 49; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1038/bjc.1984.14

1532-1827

L J Kinlen, Klim McPherson,

Coffee research and impacts

Evidence was recently presented of a positive relationship between coffee consumption and pancreas cancer (MacMahon et al., 1981).This has prompted us to examine unpublished data relevant to this question, collected in north-west England and north Wales in the early 1950s.The data available for analysis came from a casecontrol study of cancer in Liverpool and adjacent parts of Lancashire, Cheshire and north Wales conducted in the years 1952-54 by the late Dr Percy Stocks, while holding a Fellowship of the British Empire Cancer Campaign (now the Cancer Research Campaign).These data were restricted to cases of cancer, since the details collected from controls without cancer had not been preserved.Individuals covered by the study were asked how often they drank coffee and tea (never, daily, weekly) though only in the case of tea were respondents asked to state the average number of cups usually drunk each day.Many aspects of the study have been previously reported in detail (Stocks, 1958).Records were identified of individuals with pancreas cancer in which details of coffee and tea consumption and smoking habits were available and for each, two controls were chosen of similar sex, five-year age group, area of residence and involving cancers of sites other than smoking- related sites and the gastrointestinal tract.For this purpose, lung, bladder, mouth, pharynx and oesophagus cancers were considered smokingrelated sites.Ovary cancers were also excluded from the control group because of a recent report that this cancer might also be related to coffee (Trichopoulos et al., 1981).In the Stocks (1958) study an unusually strict definition of non-smokers had been used, namely individuals who had never for any period in their life averaged as much as two cigarettes per week and had smoked neither a pipe nor cigars.For