Congenital Aortic Stenosis
1963; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; Volume: 27; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1161/01.cir.27.3.426
ISSN1524-4539
AutoresEugene Braunwald, Allan Goldblatt, M Aygen, S. David Rockoff, Andrew G. Morrow, Andrew G. Morrow, Allan Goldblatt, Eugene Braunwald,
Tópico(s)Congenital Heart Disease Studies
ResumoHomeCirculationVol. 27, No. 3Congenital Aortic Stenosis Free AccessResearch ArticlePDF/EPUBAboutView PDFSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload citationsTrack citationsPermissions ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InMendeleyReddit Jump toFree AccessResearch ArticlePDF/EPUBCongenital Aortic Stenosis I. Clinical and Hemodynamic Findings in 100 Patients; II. Surgical Treatment and the Results of Operation EUGENE BRAUNWALD, ALLAN GOLDBLATT, MAURICE M. AYGEN, S. DAVID ROCKOFF, ANDREW G. MORROW, ANDREW G. MORROW, ALLAN GOLDBLATT and EUGENE BRAUNWALD EUGENE BRAUNWALDEUGENE BRAUNWALD From the Cardiology Branch and the Clinic of Surgery, National Heart Institute, and the Diagnostic X-ray Department, the Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. , ALLAN GOLDBLATTALLAN GOLDBLATT From the Cardiology Branch and the Clinic of Surgery, National Heart Institute, and the Diagnostic X-ray Department, the Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. , MAURICE M. AYGENMAURICE M. AYGEN From the Cardiology Branch and the Clinic of Surgery, National Heart Institute, and the Diagnostic X-ray Department, the Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. , S. DAVID ROCKOFFS. DAVID ROCKOFF From the Cardiology Branch and the Clinic of Surgery, National Heart Institute, and the Diagnostic X-ray Department, the Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. , ANDREW G. MORROWANDREW G. MORROW From the Cardiology Branch and the Clinic of Surgery, National Heart Institute, and the Diagnostic X-ray Department, the Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. , ANDREW G. MORROWANDREW G. MORROW From the Cardiology Branch and the Clinic of Surgery, National Heart Institute, and the Diagnostic X-ray Department, the Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. , ALLAN GOLDBLATTALLAN GOLDBLATT From the Cardiology Branch and the Clinic of Surgery, National Heart Institute, and the Diagnostic X-ray Department, the Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. and EUGENE BRAUNWALDEUGENE BRAUNWALD From the Cardiology Branch and the Clinic of Surgery, National Heart Institute, and the Diagnostic X-ray Department, the Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Originally published1 Mar 1963https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.27.3.426Circulation. 1963;27:426–462 Previous Back to top Next FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited By (2022) Valvular Disorders Practical Cardiovascular Medicine, 10.1002/9781119832737.ch6, (181-242), Online publication date: 4-Mar-2022. E. Trager L and M. Said S (2022) Perspective Chapter: Ross Procedure in Adults with Congenital Aortic Valve Stenosis - New Perspectives Aortic Stenosis - Recent Advances, New Perspectives and Applications [Working Title], 10.5772/intechopen.102901 Baijal R (2021) Subvalvular Aortic Stenosis Congenital Cardiac Anesthesia, 10.1017/9781108657341.017, (97-104) Steflik D and Hlavacek A (2019) CT Spectrum of Congenital Heart Disease CT of the Heart, 10.1007/978-1-60327-237-7_46, (579-601), . Tribouilloy C, Bohbot Y, Maréchaux S, Debry N, Delpierre Q, Peltier M, Diouf M, Slama M, Messika-Zeitoun D and Rusinaru D (2016) Outcome Implication of Aortic Valve Area Normalized to Body Size in Asymptomatic Aortic Stenosis, Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging, 9:11, Online publication date: 1-Nov-2016. Muthiah R (2016) Rheumatic Aortic Valve Disease with Mitral Stenosis—A Case Report, Case Reports in Clinical Medicine, 10.4236/crcm.2016.58046, 05:08, (268-295), . Qureshi A, Awuor S and Martinez M (2015) Adult Presentation of Subaortic Stenosis: Another Great Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Mimic, Heart, Lung and Circulation, 10.1016/j.hlc.2014.08.003, 24:1, (e7-e10), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2015. Bobhate P and Adatia I (2014) Pulmonary Hypertension in Congenital Heart Disease Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Cardiac Surgery and Intensive Care, 10.1007/978-1-4471-4619-3_206, (2159-2199), . Ezon D (2013) Fixed Subaortic Stenosis: A Clinical Dilemma for Clinicians and Patients, Congenital Heart Disease, 10.1111/chd.12127, (n/a-n/a), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2013. Berg C, Chaoui R and Gembruch U (2013) Herz Ultraschalldiagnostik in Geburtshilfe und Gynäkologie, 10.1007/978-3-642-29633-8_8, (155-236), . Daneshvar S and Rahimtoola S (2012) Valve Prosthesis–Patient Mismatch (VP–PM), Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 10.1016/j.jacc.2012.05.035, 60:13, (1123-1135), Online publication date: 1-Sep-2012. Perloff J and Marelli A (2012) Congenital Aortic Stenosis Clinical Recognition of Congenital Heart Disease, 10.1016/B978-1-4377-1618-4.00007-9, (74-100), . Goldberg D and Thacker D (2012) Aortic Stenosis Fetal Cardiovascular Imaging: A Disease Based Approach, 10.1016/B978-1-4160-3172-7.00019-7, (205-216), . Karabin B and Grubb B (2013) Diagnosis and Management of Syncope Cardiac Arrhythmia Management, 10.1002/9781118788967.ch16, (357-386) Rahimtoola S (2010) Determining That Aortic Valve Stenosis Is Severe: Back-to-the-Future, JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging, 10.1016/j.jcmg.2010.02.006, 3:6, (563-566), Online publication date: 1-Jun-2010. Pride Y and Garcia L (2010) Coronary Angiography: Valve and Hemodynamic Assessment Sabiston and Spencer's Surgery of the Chest, 10.1016/B978-1-4160-5225-8.00052-0, (775-788), . Minich L, Tani L, Williams R and Puchalski M (2009) Valve Disease in Children Valvular Heart Disease: A Companion to Braunwald's Heart Disease, 10.1016/B978-1-4160-5892-2.00024-6, (399-423), . Rosenhek R and Baumgartner H (2009) Aortic Stenosis Valvular Heart Disease: A Companion to Braunwald's Heart Disease, 10.1016/B978-1-4160-5892-2.00009-X, (127-154), . Makaryus A and Boxt L (2009) Cardiac Computed Tomography Cardiac Imaging, 10.1016/B978-0-323-05527-7.50012-3, (126-171), . Makaryus A and Boxt L (2009) Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Cardiac Imaging, 10.1016/B978-0-323-05527-7.50010-X, (69-105), . Charpie J, Crowley D and Graziano J Congenital Heart Disease: Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction Cardiovascular Pediatric Critical Illness and Injury, 10.1007/978-1-84800-923-3_10, (1-8) (2008) Ventricular Enlargement Chou's Electrocardiography in Clinical Practice, 10.1016/B978-141603774-3.10003-6, (45-74), . Lane J and Ben-Shachar G (2007) Myocardial Infarction in Healthy Adolescents, Pediatrics, 10.1542/peds.2006-3123, 120:4, (e938-e943), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2007. Barkhordarian R, Wen-Hong D, Li W, Josen M, Henein M and Ho S (2007) Geometry of the left ventricular outflow tract in fixed subaortic stenosis and intact ventricular septum: An echocardiographic study in children and adults, The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2006.09.010, 133:1, (196-203), Online publication date: 1-Jan-2007. Singh G (2002) Aortic stenosis, The Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 10.1007/BF02723222, 69:4, (351-358), Online publication date: 1-Apr-2002. Baden W and Schmaltz A (2002) Anomalien des linken Ventrikels und der Aorta Pädiatrische Kardiologie, 10.1007/978-3-642-57542-6_4, (245-296), . Rozenshtein A and Boxt L (2000) Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease, Journal of Thoracic Imaging, 10.1097/00005382-200010000-00005, 15:4, (252-264), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2000. Danford D (2000) Effective Use of the Consultant, Laboratory Testing, and Echocardiography for the Pediatric Patient With Heart Murmur, Pediatric Annals, 10.3928/0090-4481-20000801-07, 29:8, (482-488), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2000. Faßbender D and Seggewiß H (2000) Valvuloplastien Herzkatheter, 10.1007/978-3-642-56967-8_17, (468-501), . Strife J and Sze R (1999) RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF THE NEONATE WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE, Radiologic Clinics of North America, 10.1016/S0033-8389(05)70251-7, 37:6, (1093-1107), Online publication date: 1-Nov-1999. Romero R and Boxt L (1999) Plain-film evaluation of valvular heart disease, Seminars in Roentgenology, 10.1016/S0037-198X(99)80036-4, 34:3, (216-227), Online publication date: 1-Jul-1999. Friedberg E and Boxt L (1999) Plain-film evaluation of the thoracic aorta, Seminars in Roentgenology, 10.1016/S0037-198X(99)80033-9, 34:3, (181-194), Online publication date: 1-Jul-1999. Atalay S, Imamoğlu A, Tutar H, Altug N and Atalay S (2016) Relation of Mass/Volume Ratio to ECG Abnormalities and Symptoms in Children with Aortic Stenosis/Insufficiency, Angiology, 10.1177/000331979905000206, 50:2, (131-136), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1999. Baden W and Schmaltz A (1998) Anomalien des linken Ventrikels und der Aorta Pädiatrische Kardiologie, 10.1007/978-3-642-53754-7_4, (169-212), . Tanel R and Walsh E (1997) SYNCOPE IN THE PEDIATRIC PATIENT, Cardiology Clinics, 10.1016/S0733-8651(05)70336-2, 15:2, (277-294), Online publication date: 1-May-1997. Boxt L (1996) MR IMAGING OF CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE, Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America, 10.1016/S1064-9689(21)00184-7, 4:2, (327-359), Online publication date: 1-May-1996. Roskamm H, Reindell H, Barmeyer J, Bubenheimer P, Gohlke-Bärwolf C, Gohlke H and Eichstädt H (1996) Aorteninsuffizienz Herzkrankheiten, 10.1007/978-3-642-97605-6_39, (1023-1050), . Amthauer H, Ball F, Bastanier C, Danne O, Eichstädt H, Hauke H, Jochens R and Stöver B (1996) Angeborene Herzfehler Herz Grosse Gefässe, 10.1007/978-3-642-75729-7_7, (270-345), . FORMAN D, NÚÑEZ B, KEIGHLEY C, COMSTOCK C, DIVER D, JOHNSON R, DOUGLAS P and MANNING W (1995) Subvalvular Aortic Membrane Masquerading as Valvular Aortic Stenosis, Echocardiography, 10.1111/j.1540-8175.1995.tb00566.x, 12:4, (407-411), Online publication date: 1-Jul-1995. Culbertson C, De Campli W, Williams R, Helton G, Young N and Hardy C (1995) Congenital valvar aortic stenosis and abnormal origin of the right coronary artery: Rare combination with important clinical implications, Pediatric Cardiology, 10.1007/BF00796821, 16:2, (73-75), Online publication date: 1-Mar-1995. Arnold R and Kitchiner D (1995) Left ventricular outflow obstruction., Archives of Disease in Childhood, 10.1136/adc.72.2.180, 72:2, (180-183), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1995. OSMAN K, NANDA N, KIM K, ROYCHOUDHURY D and FINCH A (1994) Transesophageal Echocardiographic Features of Unieuspid Aortic Valve, Echocardiography, 10.1111/j.1540-8175.1994.tb01087.x, 11:5, (469-473), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1994. Permut L and Laks H (1994) Surgery for valvar and supravalvar aortic stenosis, Progress in Pediatric Cardiology, 10.1016/1058-9813(94)90039-6, 3:3, (177-187), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1994. Jarmakani J (1994) Valvar aortic stenosis, Progress in Pediatric Cardiology, 10.1016/1058-9813(94)90034-5, 3:3, (115-131), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1994. Kitchiner D, Jackson M, Malaiya N, Walsh K, Peart I and Arnold R (1994) Incidence and prognosis of obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract in Liverpool (1960-91): a study of 313 patients., Heart, 10.1136/hrt.71.6.588, 71:6, (588-595), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1994. Šamánek M (1994) Boy:girl ratio in children born with different forms of cardiac malformation: A population-based study, Pediatric Cardiology, 10.1007/BF00817606, 15:2, (53-57), Online publication date: 1-Mar-1994. Beppu S, Suzuki S, Matsuda H, Ohmori F, Nagata S and Miyatake K (1993) Rapidity of progression of aortic stenosis in patients with congenital bicuspid aortic valves, The American Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/0002-9149(93)90799-I, 71:4, (322-327), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1993. Kitchiner D, Jackson M, Walsh K, Peart I and Arnold R (1993) Incidence and prognosis of congenital aortic valve stenosis in Liverpool (1960-1990)., Heart, 10.1136/hrt.69.1.71, 69:1, (71-79), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1993. Chuaqui B and Farrú O (1993) Die Mißbildungen des Herzens und der großen Gefäße Pathologische Anatomie des Herzens und seiner Hüllen, 10.1007/978-3-642-51156-1_8, (237-517), . Flynn P, Engle M and Ehlers K (1992) Cardiac Issues in the Pediatric Emergency Room, Pediatric Clinics of North America, 10.1016/S0031-3955(16)38403-6, 39:5, (955-986), Online publication date: 1-Oct-1992. Aragam J, Folland E, Lapsley D, Sharma S, Khuri S and Sharma G (1992) Cause and impact of pulmonary hypertension in isolated aortic stenosis on operative mortality for aortic valve replacement in men, The American Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/0002-9149(92)91239-Z, 69:16, (1365-1367), Online publication date: 1-May-1992. Salley R (1991) Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction in Children, Cardiology Clinics, 10.1016/S0733-8651(18)30308-4, 9:2, (381-396), Online publication date: 1-May-1991. (2009) References, Scandinavian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 10.3109/14017439109098692, 25:sup39, (45-55), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1991. Riecker G (1991) Erworbene Herzklappenfehler Klinische Kardiologie, 10.1007/978-3-662-26806-3_4, (243-315), . Motro M, Schneeweiss A, Shem-Tov A, Benjamin P, Kaplinsky E and Hegesh J (1989) Correlation of distance from subaortic membrane to base of the right aortic valve cusp and the development of aortic regurgitation in mild discrete subaortic stenosis, The American Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/0002-9149(89)90544-4, 64:5, (395-396), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1989. Janatuinen M, Vänttinen E, Saraste M and Ingberg M (2009) Surgical Management of Congenital Aortic Stenosis in Children and Young Adults, Scandinavian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 10.3109/14017438909105998, 23:3, (219-224), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1989. Ivert T, Astudillo R, Brodin L and Wranne B (2009) Late Results After Resection of Fixed Subaortic Stenosis, Scandinavian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 10.3109/14017438909105997, 23:3, (211-218), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1989. Reindell H, Roskamm H, Barmeyer J, Eichstädt H, Bubenheimer P, Gohlke H and Gohlke-Bärwolf C (1989) Aorteninsuffizienz Herzkrankheiten, 10.1007/978-3-642-97060-3_54, (1273-1298), . Johnson L, Hapanowicz M, Buonanno C, Bowser M, Marvasti M and Parker F (1988) Pulmonary hypertension in isolated aortic stenosis, The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 10.1016/S0022-5223(19)35725-3, 95:4, (603-607), Online publication date: 1-Apr-1988. Talwar K, Mohan J, Narula J, Kaul U and Bhatia M (1988) Spatial quantitative vectorcardiography in aortic stenosis: correlation with hemodynamic findings, International Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/0167-5273(88)90160-X, 18:2, (151-158), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1988. Assey M, Wisenbaugh T, Spann J, Gillette P and Carabello B (1987) Unexpected persistence into adulthood of low wall stress in patients with congenital aortic stenosis: is there a fundamental difference in the hypertrophic response to a pressure overload present from birth?, Circulation, 75:5, (973-979), Online publication date: 1-May-1987. Zhang Y, Ihlen H and Nitter-Hauge S (1986) Estimation of the peak-to-peak pressure gradient in aortic stenosis by Doppler echocardiography, International Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/0167-5273(86)90002-1, 10:3, (197-212), Online publication date: 1-Mar-1986. Smith M, Dawson P, Elion J, Wisenbaugh T, Kwan O, Handshoe S and DeMaria A (1986) Systematic correlation of continuous-wave Doppler and hemodynamic measurements in patients with aortic stenosis, American Heart Journal, 10.1016/0002-8703(86)90135-3, 111:2, (245-252), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1986. Wen J, Stamm R, Kaiser D and Gibson R (1986) Quantitative evaluation of aortic and mitral stenosis by continuous wave Doppler echocardiography Cardiac Doppler Diagnosis, Volume II, 10.1007/978-94-009-4241-7_11, (141-150), . Valdes-Cruz L, Jones M, Scagnelli S, Sahn D, Tomizuka F and Pierce J (1985) Prediction of gradients in fibrous subaortic stenosis by continuous wave two-dimensional doppler echocardiography: Animal studies, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 10.1016/S0735-1097(85)80349-1, 5:6, (1363-1367), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1985. Sokolow M and Mcllroy M (1985) Aortenklappenerkrankungen; Mehrfachklappenerkrankungen Kardiologie, 10.1007/978-3-642-69607-7_13, (491-529), . Vakiener A and Nanda N (1985) Two-Dimensional Echocardiography Evaluation of the Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Two-Dimensional Real-Time Ultrasonic Imaging of the Heart, 10.1007/978-1-4613-2559-8_7, (79-86), . Riegel N, Ambrose J, Mindich B and Fuster V (1985) Isolated aortic stenosis with severe pulmonary hypertension, Catheterization and Cardiovascular Diagnosis, 10.1002/ccd.1810110210, 11:2, (181-185), . Folger G and Stein P (2016) Aortic Valvular Malformation Associated With Coincident Cardiovascular Anomalies: Morphologic Considerations, Angiology, 10.1177/000331978403501205, 35:12, (779-784), Online publication date: 1-Dec-1984. Mavroudis C, Rees A, Solinger R and Elbl F (1984) The Prognostic Value of Intraoperative Pressure Gradients with Congenital Aortic Stenosis, The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, 10.1016/S0003-4975(10)62245-X, 38:3, (237-241), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1984. NISHIMURA R, TAJIK A and SEWARD J (1984) CASES FROM THE MAYO CLINIC: Diagnosis and Quantitation of the Severity of Discrete Subaortic Stenosis By Echocardiography and Continuous-Wave Doppler Ultrasound, Echocardiography, 10.1111/j.1540-8175.1984.tb00171.x, 1:3, (393-396), Online publication date: 1-Jul-1984. Parisi A and Folland E (1984) Are noninvasive tests sufficient for preoperative evaluation of aortic stenosis?, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 10.1016/S0735-1097(84)80371-X, 3:4, (1092-1095), Online publication date: 1-Apr-1984. FORSSELL G, JONASSON R, NORDLANDER R and ORINIUS E (2009) Electrocardiographic Prediction of the Severity of Aortic Valvular Stenosis, Acta Medica Scandinavica, 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1984.tb04967.x, 215:1, (43-46) Berger M, Berdoff R, Gallerstein P and Goldberg E (1984) Evaluation of aortic stenosis by continuous wave Doppler ultrasound, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 10.1016/S0735-1097(84)80442-8, 3:1, (150-156), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1984. Wright G, Keane J, Nadas A, Bernhard W and Castaneda A (1983) Fixed subaortic stenosis in the young: Medical and surgical course in 83 patients, The American Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/0002-9149(83)90423-X, 52:7, (830-835), Online publication date: 1-Oct-1983. Fulton D, Hougen T, Keane J, Rosenthal A, Norwood W and Bernhard W (1983) Repeat aortic valvotomy in children, American Heart Journal, 10.1016/0002-8703(83)90440-4, 106:1, (60-63), Online publication date: 1-Jul-1983. Richards K, Cannon S, Crawford M and Sorensen S (1983) Noninvasive diagnosis of aortic and mitral valve disease with pulsed-doppler spectral analysis, The American Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/0002-9149(83)90356-9, 51:7, (1122-1127), Online publication date: 1-Apr-1983. Kotoda K, Hasegawa T, Mizuno A and Saigusa M (1983) Transseptal left-heart catheterization with Swan-Ganz flow-directed catheter, American Heart Journal, 10.1016/0002-8703(83)90361-7, 105:3, (436-439), Online publication date: 1-Mar-1983. Anderson R, Larson D and Lundell D (1983) The interrelationship of factors controlling cardiac output, Medical Hypotheses, 10.1016/0306-9877(83)90054-3, 10:1, (77-95), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1983. Grenadier E, Keidar S, Alpan G, Milo S and Palant A (2016) Discrete Membranous Sub-Aortic Stenosis in Adult Patient Obtained by Echocardiography and Not Proved by Catheterization, Angiology, 10.1177/000331978203301205, 33:12, (800-805), Online publication date: 1-Dec-1982. (1982) Cardiac Catheterization before Cardiac-Valve Replacement, New England Journal of Medicine, 10.1056/NEJM198210213071720, 307:17, (1085-1086), Online publication date: 21-Oct-1982. Bird J, Murgo J and Pasipoularides A (1982) Fluid dynamics of aortic stenosis: subvalvular gradients without subvalvular obstruction., Circulation, 66:4, (835-840), Online publication date: 1-Oct-1982.Shem-Tov A, Schneeweiss A, Motro M and Neufeld H (1982) Clinical presentation and natural history of mild discrete subaortic stenosis. Follow-up of 1--17 years., Circulation, 66:3, (509-512), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1982. Roberts W (1982) Reasons for Cardiac Catheterization before Cardiac-Valve Replacement, New England Journal of Medicine, 10.1056/NEJM198205273062110, 306:21, (1291-1293), Online publication date: 27-May-1982. Roberts W (1982) No cardiac catheterization before cardiac valve replacement—a mistake, American Heart Journal, 10.1016/0002-8703(82)90423-9, 103:5, (930-933), Online publication date: 1-May-1982. Siegel R and Roberts W (1982) Electrocardiographic observations in severe aortic valve stenosis: Correlative necropsy study to clinical, hemodynamic, and ECG variables demonstrating relation of 12-lead QRS amplitude to peak systolic transaortic pressure gradient, American Heart Journal, 10.1016/0002-8703(82)90494-X, 103:2, (210-221), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1982. Riecker G (1982) Erworbene Herzklappenfehler Klinische Kardiologie, 10.1007/978-3-662-08112-9_4, (185-235), . Barmeyer J, Roskamm H, Eichstädt H, Stürzenhofecker P, Reindell H, Bubenheimer P, Gohlke H and Gohlke-Bärwolf C (1982) Aorteninsuffizienz Herzkrankheiten, 10.1007/978-3-642-96617-0_48, (1291-1325), . DiSessa T, Hagan A, Isabel-Jones J, Ti C, Mercier J and Friedman W (1981) Two-dimensional echocardiographic evaluation of discrete subaortic stenosis from the apical long axis view, American Heart Journal, 10.1016/0002-8703(81)90615-3, 101:6, (774-782), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1981. DeSa'Neto A, Reyns P, Desser K and Benchimol A (2016) Ratio of Total Amplitude to Diastolic Wave on the Apexcardiogram. Findings in Aortic Regurgitation and Other Cardiac Lesions, Angiology, 10.1177/000331978103200504, 32:5, (321-328), Online publication date: 1-May-1981. Raviele A, Riggs T, Garcia E, Hirschfeld S and Liebman J (1981) Respiratory variation in frank vectorcardiography and echocardiography in children, Journal of Electrocardiology, 10.1016/S0022-0736(81)80032-5, 14:1, (73-78), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1981. Sandor G, Olley P, Trusler G, Williams W, Rowe R and Morch J (1980) Long-term follow-up of patients after valvotomy for congenital valvular aortic stenosis in children, The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 10.1016/S0022-5223(19)37785-2, 80:2, (171-176), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1980. Hossack K, Neutze J, Lowe J and Barratt-Boyes B (1980) Congenital valvar aortic stenosis. Natural history and assessment for operation., Heart, 10.1136/hrt.43.5.561, 43:5, (561-573), Online publication date: 1-May-1980. Cheitlin M, Gertz E, Brundage B, Carlson C, Quash J and Bode R (1979) Rate of progression of severity of valvular aortic stenosis in the adult, American Heart Journal, 10.1016/0002-8703(79)90465-4, 98:6, (689-700), Online publication date: 1-Dec-1979. Castaneda-Zuniga W, Zollikofer C, Valdez-Davila O, Nath P and Amplatz K (1979) Angiographic appearance of post-operative aortic valvar stenosis. Angiographic and haemodynamic correlation, The British Journal of Radiology, 10.1259/0007-1285-52-623-851, 52:623, (851-854), Online publication date: 1-Nov-1979. Bergsma D (1979) Compendium Birth Defects Compendium, 10.1007/978-1-349-05131-1_2, (23-1089), . Emanuel R, Withers R, O'Brien K, Ross P and Feizi O (1978) Congenitally bicuspid aortic valves. Clinicogenetic study of 41 families., Heart, 10.1136/hrt.40.12.1402, 40:12, (1402-1407), Online publication date: 1-Dec-1978. Niederberger M, Dower G and Machado H (2013) Polarcardiographic and vectorcardiographic study of 70 normal children aged 3-4 years, Clinical Cardiology, 10.1002/clc.4960010304, 1:3, (142-151), Online publication date: 1-Dec-1978. Basu B, Cherian G, Krishnaswami S, Sukumar I and John S (1978) Severe pulmonary hypertension in advanced aortic valve disease., Heart, 10.1136/hrt.40.11.1310, 40:11, (1310-1313), Online publication date: 1-Nov-1978. Sung C, Price E and Cooley D (1978) Discrete subaortic stenosis in adults, The American Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/0002-9149(78)90912-8, 42:2, (283-290), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1978. Cassel G, Benjamin J and Lakier J (1978) Subendocardial ischaemia in patients with discrete subvalvar aortic stenosis., Heart, 10.1136/hrt.40.4.388, 40:4, (388-392), Online publication date: 1-Apr-1978. Muna W, Ferrans V, Pierce J and Roberts W (1978) Discrete subaortic stenosis in Newfoundland dogs: Association of infective endocarditis, The American Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/0002-9149(78)90827-5, 41:4, (746-754), Online publication date: 1-Apr-1978. Baumstark A, Fellows K and Rosenthal A (1978) Combined double chambered right ventricle and discrete subaortic stenosis., Circulation, 57:2, (299-303), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1978. Iskandrian A, Segal B, Wasserman L, Kimbiris D and Bemis C (1978) Sudden death in severe aortic stenosis following cardiac catheterization, Catheterization and Cardiovascular Diagnosis, 10.1002/ccd.1810040410, 4:4, (419-425), . Katz N, Buckley M and Liberthson R (1977) Discrete membranous subaortic stenosis. Report of 31 patients, review of the literature, and delineation of management., Circulation, 56:6, (1034-1038), Online publication date: 1-Dec-1977. Yankopoulos N, Haisty W and Pipberger H (1977) Computer analysis of the orthogonal electrocardiogram and vectorcardiogram in 257 patients with aortic valve disease, The American Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/0002-9149(77)90186-2, 40:5, (707-715), Online publication date: 1-Nov-1977. Hess P, Nanda N, DeWeese J, Reeves W and Gramiak R (1977) Echocardiographic features of combined membranous subaortic stenosis and acquired calcific aortic valvulopathy, American Heart Journal, 10.1016/S0002-8703(77)80479-1, 94:3, (349-352), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1977. Shah P and Roberts D (1977) Diagnosis and treatment of aortic valve stenosis, Current Problems in Cardiology, 10.1016/0146-2806(77)90005-6, 2:6, (5-49), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1977. Schlant R and Felner J (1977) The arterial pulse— clinical manifestations, Current Problems in Cardiology, 10.1016/0146-2806(77)90013-5, 2:5, (1-50), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1977. Roskamm H, Reindell H, Barmeyer J, Wink K, Drägert W, Jaedicke W and Eichstädt H (1977) Die Aorteninsuffizienz Herzkrankheiten, 10.1007/978-3-642-96320-9_35, (741-762), . Loogen F, Seipel L, Gleichmann U and Vieten H (1977) Erworbene Herzklappenfehler Röntgendiagnostik Des Herzens und der Gefässe/Roentgen Diagnosis of the Heart and Blood Vessels, 10.1007/978-3-642-81132-6_4, (51-260), . Krovetz L and Kurlinski J (1976) Subendocardial blood flow in children with congenital aortic stenosis., Circulation, 54:6, (961-965), Online publication date: 1-Dec-1976. Johnson G, Meyer R, Schwartz D, Korfhagen J and Kaplan S (1976) Left ventricular function by echocardiography in children with fixed aortic stenosis, The American Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/S0002-9149(76)80011-2, 38:5, (611-619), Online publication date: 1-Nov-1976. Chiariello L, Vlad P and Subramanian S (1976) Surgical treatment of congenital valvular aortic stenosis., Thorax, 10.1136/thx.31.4.398, 31:4, (398-404), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1976. Jack W and Kelly D (1976) Long-term follow-up of valvulotomy for congenital aortic stenosis, The American Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/0002-9149(76)90155-7, 38:2, (231-234), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1976. Newfeld E, Muster A, Paul M, Idriss F and Riker W (1976) Discrete subvalvular aortic stenosis in childhood, The American Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/0002-9149(76)90062-X, 38:1, (53-61), Online publication date: 1-Jul-1976. Rastan H and Koncz J (1976) Aortoventriculoplasty, The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 10.1016/S0022-5223(19)40132-3, 71:6, (920-927), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1976. Ellison R, Wagner H, Weidman W and Miettinen O (1976) Congenital valvular aortic stenosis: Clinical detection of small pressure gradient, The American Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/0002-9149(76)90371-4, 37:5, (757-761), Online publication date: 1-Apr-1976. Weyman A, Feigenbaum H, Hurwitz R, Girod D, Dillon J and Chang S (1976) Cross-sectional echocardiography in evaluating patients with discrete subaortic stenosis, The American Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/0002-9149(76)90284-8, 37:3, (358-365), Online publication date: 1-Mar-1976. Williams D, Sahn D and Friedman W (1976) Cross-sectional echocardiographic localization of sites of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, The American Journal of Cardiology, 10.1016/0002-9149(76)90320-9, 37:2, (250-255), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1976. Rasmussen K and Simonsen S (2009) Vectorcardiographic-Hemodynamic Correlations in Adult Aortic Stenosis, Acta Medica Scandinavica, 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1976.tb06721.x, 199:1-6, (223-228) Lemole G, Tesler U, Tesler U, Tesler U, Colombi M and Eldredge W (1976) Subaortic Stenosis Caused by Two Discrete Membranes, Chest, 10.1378/chest.69.1.104, 69:1, (104-106), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1976. Clark D, Hirsch H, Tamer D and Gelband H (1975) Electrocardiographic changes following surgical treatment of congenital cardiac malformations, Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 10.1016/S0033-0620(75)80004-1, 17:6, (451-465), Online publication date: 1-May-1975. Bolte H and Hort W (1975) Erworbene Herzklappenfehler Klinische Kardiologie, 10.1007/978-3-662-08114-3_4, (91-132), . Haerten K, Both A, Loogen F, Opherk D, Herzer J and Rafflenbeul D (1975) Hämodynamische Untersuchungen des kleinen Kreislaufs nach prothetischem Aortenklappenersatz Einundachtzigster Kongress, 10.1007/978-3-642-85450-7_60, (257-260), . Büchner F (1975) Qualitative Morphology of Heart Failure Hypoxie, 10.1007/978-3-642-49227-3_14, (186-246), . Gale A, Cartmill T and Bernste
Referência(s)