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Double-faceted mechanism of parvoviral oncosuppression

2015; Elsevier BV; Volume: 13; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.coviro.2015.03.008

1879-6265

Karsten Geletneky, Jürg P. F. Nüesch, Assia L. Angelova, Irina Kiprianova, Jean Rommelaere,

CAR-T cell therapy research

The H-1 parvovirus (H-1PV) exerts oncosuppressive action that has two components: oncotoxicty and immunostimulation. While many human tumor cells, including conventional drug-resistant ones, can be killed by H-1PV, some fail to support progeny virus production, necessary for infection propagation in neoplastic tissues. This limitation can be overcome through forced selection of H-1PV variants capable of enhanced multiplication and spreading in human tumor cells. In the context of further developing H-1PV for use in cancer therapy, arming it with immunostimulatory CpG motifs under conditions preserving replication and oncolysis enhances its action as an anticancer vaccine adjuvant. A first clinical study of H-1PV treatment in glioma patients has yielded evidence of intratumoral synthesis of the viral oncotoxic protein NS1 and immune cell infiltration.