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Sodium Ion Insertion in Hollow Carbon Nanowires for Battery Applications

2012; American Chemical Society; Volume: 12; Issue: 7 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1021/nl3016957

1530-6992

Yuliang Cao, Lifen Xiao, Maria L. Sushko, Wei Wang, Birgit Schwenzer, Jie Xiao, Zimin Nie, Laxmikant V. Saraf, Zhengguo Yang, Jun Liu,

Graphene research and applications

Hollow carbon nanowires (HCNWs) were prepared through pyrolyzation of a hollow polyaniline nanowire precursor. The HCNWs used as anode material for Na-ion batteries deliver a high reversible capacity of 251 mAh g(-1) and 82.2% capacity retention over 400 charge-discharge cycles between 1.2 and 0.01 V (vs Na(+)/Na) at a constant current of 50 mA g(-1) (0.2 C). Excellent cycling stability is also observed at an even higher charge-discharge rate. A high reversible capacity of 149 mAh g(-1) also can be obtained at a current rate of 500 mA g(-1) (2C). The good Na-ion insertion property is attributed to the short diffusion distance in the HCNWs and the large interlayer distance (0.37 nm) between the graphitic sheets, which agrees with the interlayered distance predicted by theoretical calculations to enable Na-ion insertion in carbon materials.