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Linear Non-competitive Inhibition of Solubilized Human γ-Secretase by Pepstatin A Methylester, L685458, Sulfonamides, and Benzodiazepines

2002; Elsevier BV; Volume: 277; Issue: 35 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1074/jbc.m112328200

1083-351X

Gaochao Tian, Cynthia D. Sobotka‐Briner, John R. Zysk, Xiaodong Liu, C Birr, Mark Sylvester, Philip D. Edwards, Clay D. Scott, Barry Greenberg,

Computational Drug Discovery Methods

Cerebral deposition of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) is believed to play a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Because Aβ is produced from the processing of amyloid β-protein precursor (APP) by β- and γ-secretases, these enzymes are considered important therapeutic targets for identification of drugs to treat Alzheimer's disease. Unlike β-secretase, which is a monomeric aspartyl protease, γ-secretase activity resides as part of a membrane-bound, high molecular weight, macromolecular complex. Pepstatin and L685458 are among several structural classes of γ-secretase inhibitors identified so far. These compounds possess a hydroxyethylene dipeptide isostere of aspartyl protease transition state analogs, suggesting γ-secretase may be an aspartyl protease. However, the mechanism of inhibition of γ-secretase by pepstatin and L685458 has not been elucidated. In this study, we report that pepstatin A methylester and L685458 unexpectedly displayed linear non-competitive inhibition of γ-secretase. Sulfonamides and benzodiazepines, which do not resemble transition state analogs of aspartyl proteases, also displayed potent, non-competitive inhibition of γ-secretase. Models to rationalize how transition state analogs inhibit their targets by non-competitive inhibition are discussed.