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Precipitation and Transformation of the Three Polymorphs of d -Mannitol

2010; American Chemical Society; Volume: 49; Issue: 12 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1021/ie9019616

1520-5045

Jan H. Cornel, Piran R. Kidambi, Marco Mazzotti,

Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions

In this work, the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of d-mannitol's three polymorphs and their transformations are addressed. Scalable and reproducible syntheses of the solid-state forms are presented, and a mathematical model to describe a three-polymorph transformation is discussed in detail. It is shown that, for certain initial solute concentrations, the α polymorph nucleates first and then transforms through the β form to the γ form. Moreover, a supersaturation threshold to nucleate the α form has been observed, and below this threshold value, the γ form nucleates. A theoretical analysis demonstrates that this behavior can be predicted and that this experimental observation is physically sound.