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Deposition and storage of fine-grained sediment within the main channel system of the River Tweed, Scotland

1999; Wiley; Volume: 24; Issue: 12 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1002/(sici)1096-9837(199911)24

1096-9837

Philip N. Owens, Desmond E. Walling, G. J. L. Leeks,

Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies

Earth Surface Processes and LandformsVolume 24, Issue 12 p. 1061-1076 Research Article Deposition and storage of fine-grained sediment within the main channel system of the River Tweed, Scotland Philip N. Owens, Corresponding Author Philip N. Owens [email protected] Department of Geography, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, EX4 4RJ, UKDepartment of Geography, University of Exeter, Amory Building, Rennes Drive, Exeter, EX4 4RJ, UKSearch for more papers by this authorDesmond E. Walling, Desmond E. Walling Department of Geography, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, EX4 4RJ, UKSearch for more papers by this authorGraham J. L. Leeks, Graham J. L. Leeks Institute of Hydrology, Maclean Building, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UKSearch for more papers by this author Philip N. Owens, Corresponding Author Philip N. Owens [email protected] Department of Geography, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, EX4 4RJ, UKDepartment of Geography, University of Exeter, Amory Building, Rennes Drive, Exeter, EX4 4RJ, UKSearch for more papers by this authorDesmond E. Walling, Desmond E. Walling Department of Geography, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, EX4 4RJ, UKSearch for more papers by this authorGraham J. L. Leeks, Graham J. L. Leeks Institute of Hydrology, Maclean Building, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UKSearch for more papers by this author First published: 08 November 1999 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9837(199911)24:12 3.0.CO;2-YCitations: 71AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstract This paper assesses the importance of deposition and storage of fine-grained (c. < 150 µm) sediment on the floodplains and beds of the main (non-tidal) channels of the River Tweed (4390 km2), Scotland, and two of its tributaries (River Teviot and Ettrick Water). Caesium-137 analysis of floodplain sediment cores has been used to estimate average rates of overbank sedimentation during the last 30 to 40 years. Average values for individual transects ranged from 0·16 to 2·18 kg m−2 a−1 (0·13 to 2·2 mm a−1). The mean for the 10 transects investigated was 1·29 kg m−2 a−1 (1·3 mm a−1). The total amount of fine sediment deposited was estimated to be about 44 000 t a−1. The fine-grained sediment stored in the channel bed was quantified using resuspension techniques. Average values for individual sites ranged from 0·12 to 0·96 kg m−2. The mean for the 10 sites investigated was 0·56 kg m−2. The total amount of sediment stored on the channel bed of the main channel system at the time of sampling was estimated to be about 4300 t. Comparison of these estimates of floodplain and channel storage with the estimated suspended sediment load for the River Tweed at the downstream gauging site at Norham, indicates that floodplain sedimentation and channel bed storage represent about 40 and 4 per cent, respectively, of the annual load of fine sediment delivered to the main channel system. Erosion of channel banks will reintroduce the equivalent of about 30 per cent of the floodplain-deposited sediment back into the channel. The residence time of the fine-grained sediment stored on the channel bed is probably less than one year, but that of sediment deposited on the floodplain is likely to be considerably longer. 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