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Managers, directors and trust in professional football

2010; Taylor & Francis; Volume: 13; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1080/17430431003588150

1743-0445

Seamus Kelly, John Harris,

Sports Analytics and Performance

Abstract Based on semi-structured interviews with 25 players and 20 managers this essay will examine the relationship between managers and the owners and directors of professional football clubs. The findings identify hostility and distrust as a common feature of this relationship. More specifically, from the standpoint of managers, this hostility and distrust partially emanates from the perceived motives of owners and directors and their interference in issues traditionally seen as falling within the manager's role. The research highlights the very closed and insular world of professional football and also considers how the changing nature and status of the game impacts upon traditional roles and functions. Notes 1 CitationMalcolm, 'Football Business'. 2 CitationGreen, The Sack Race; Pawson, The Football Managers. 3 CitationPatton, Qualitative Research. 4 CitationGratton and Jones, Research Methods, 116. 5 For example see CitationMagee, 'International Labour Migration'; CitationParker, 'Chasing the Big-Time'; CitationRoderick, The Work of Professional Football. 6 CitationBarber, The Logic and Limits; CitationLuhmann, 'Familiarity, Confidence, Trust'; CitationMayer, Davis and Schoorman, 'An Integrated Model'. 7 For example, CitationDeutsch, 'Trust and Suspicion'; CitationRotter, 'Generalized Expectancies'; CitationRotter, 'Interpersonal Trust'. 8 For example, CitationZucker, 'Production of Trust'; CitationGranovetter, 'Economic Action'. 9 CitationBrewer, 'Ethnocentrism'; CitationBrewer, 'In-Group Favouritism'; CitationKramer, 'Trust and Distrust'. 10 Kramer, 'Trust and Distrust'. 11 CitationRousseau et al. , 'Not So Different'; CitationNooteboom and Six, The Trust Process. 12 CitationJones, 'Trust in Sport'. 13 CitationMcNamee, 'Celebrating Trust'; CitationWann and Polk, 'The Positive Relationship'; CitationDirks, 'Trust in Leadership'; CitationDonnelly, 'Take My Word for It'. 14 Roderick, The Work of Professional Football; Kelly, 'Understanding the Role'. 15 CitationLewicki and Bunker, 'Developing and Maintaining Trust'. 16 CitationLewicki and Bunker, 'Developing and Maintaining Trust' 17 CitationHardin, 'The Street-Level Epistemology'. 18 See for example, Mayer, Davis and Schoorman, 'An Integrated Model'; Lewicki and Bunker, 'Developing and Maintaining Trust'; CitationMiles and Creed, 'Organizational Forms'; Zucker, 'Production of Trust'. 19 Rotter, 'Generalized Expectancies'; Rotter, 'Interpersonal Trust'. 20 See, for example, CitationBoon and Holmes, 'The Dynamics'; CitationSolomon, 'The Influence of Some Types'. 21 CitationShapiro, 'The Social Control'. 22 Granovetter, 'Economic Action'; Shapiro, 'The Social Control'. 23 CitationUslaner, The Moral Foundations. 24 CitationPutman, Bowling Alone, 136. 25 CitationGiddens, The Consequences of Modernity, 121. 26 Zucker, 'Production of Trust'; CitationGambetta, ed., Trust. 27 CitationLewicki, McAllister and Bies, 'Trust and Distrust' 28 Barber, The Logic and Limits. 29 Lewicki, McAllister and Bies, 'Trust and Distrust'. 30 Lewicki, McAllister and Bies, 'Trust and Distrust' 31 Deustch, 'Trust and Suspicion'. 32 CitationFein and Hilton, 'Judging Others', 168. 33 See, for example, Brewer, 'Ethnocentrism'; CitationInsko and Schopler, 'Differential Distrust'. 34 Kramer, 'Trust and Distrust'. 35 Brewer, 'Ethnocentrism', 356. 36 Brewer, 'In-Group Favouritism'. 37 Kramer, 'Trust and Distrust', 577. 38 CitationSztompka, 'Trust, Distrust'. 39 Donnelly, 'Take My Word for It'. 40 Johnny Giles, 'Technical Directors Bad News for Bosses'. Irish Independent, March 19 2008. 41 CitationKeane with Dunphy, Keane, 181. 42 See for example, CitationAdams with Ridley, Addicted; CitationFowler with Maddock, Robbie Fowler. 43 CitationHope, 'The Ownership Structure'. 44 CitationHamil et al. , Football in the Digital Age. 45 CitationEmery and Weed, 'Fighting for Survival'. 46 Green, The Sack Race; CitationHolt, 'A "Fit and Proper" Test'. 47 CitationMason, Association Football; CitationRussell, Football and the English. 48 Emery and Weed, 'Fighting for Survival' 49 CitationOzawa, Cross and Henderson, 'Market Orientation'; Hamil et al., Football in the Digital Age; CitationCarter, The Football Manager. 50 CitationConn, The Football Business. 51 CitationCannon and Hamil, 'Reforming Football's Boardrooms'; Green, The Sack Race. 52 CitationTaylor and Ward, Kicking and Screaming; CitationTaylor, 'Beyond the Maximum Wage'. 53 CitationBower, Broken Dreams; CitationFreeman, Own Goal!. 54 CitationWagg, 'Sack the Board'; CitationGwyther and Saunders, 'United They Stand?'; Pawson, The Football Managers. 55 Carter, The Football Manager; CitationPawson, The Football Managers; Green, The Sack Race; CitationWagg, The Football World. 56 CitationMalam, Clown Prince of Soccer? 57 CitationHopcraft, The Football Man, 140. 58 Szymanski and Kuypers, Winners and Losers. 59 Gwyther and Saunders, 'United They Stand?' 60 Green, The Sack Race, 139. 61 CitationKelly, 'Understanding the Role'. 62 Carter, The Football Manager; CitationPerry, 'The Boss?'; CitationPenn, 'The Management of a Football Club'. 63 D. Taylor, 'Hughes Insists City Owners Let Him Choose New Signings'. The Guardian, September 5, 2008, 1. 64 Freeman, Own Goal!, 148. 65 See ibid.; Hopcraft, The Football Man.