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Trigeminal Nerve Stimulation (TNS) for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder: A Case Study

2015; Elsevier BV; Volume: 8; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.brs.2015.02.008

ISSN

1935-861X

Autores

Alisson Paulino Trevizol, Pedro Shiozawa, Isa Albuquerque Sato, Mailu Enokibara da Silva, Elie Leal de Barros Calfat, Rodrigo Lancelote Alberto, Ian A. Cook, Quirino Cordeiro,

Tópico(s)

Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

Resumo

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder following a potentially traumatic event. It is best characterized by intrusive thoughts related to the event, avoidance behavior and symptoms of hyperarousal such as sleep disorders, hyper-vigilance and panic attacks [ [1] Kessler R.C. Sonnega A. Bromet E. et al. Posttraumatic stress disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1995; 52: 1048-1060 Crossref PubMed Scopus (8081) Google Scholar ]. The lifetime prevalence is estimated to be 7.8% in the United States, with annual costs of about $3 billion [ [2] Ballenger J.C. Davidson J.R. Lecrubier Y. et al. Consensus statement on posttraumatic stress disorder from the International Consensus Group on Depression and Anxiety. J Clin Psychiatry. 2000; 61: 60-66 PubMed Google Scholar ]. There is no definitive pharmacotherapy for PTSD nuclear symptoms. Although medications and psychotherapy have been shown to reduce anxiety symptoms, one third of patients remain symptomatic in spite of treatment [ [3] Bisson J. Andrew M. Psychological treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007; : CD003388 Google Scholar ]. In this scenario, new interventions such as neuromodulation strategies have been under growing focus in medical literature [ [4] Shiozawa P. Leiva A.P. Castro C.D. et al. Transcranial direct current stimulation for generalized anxiety disorder: a case study. Biol Psychiatry. 2014; 75: e17-e18 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (65) Google Scholar ].

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