Revisão Revisado por pares

Mycoplasma pneumoniae–induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome without skin lesions: Fact or fiction?

2005; Elsevier BV; Volume: 52; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.jaad.2004.07.044

ISSN

1097-6787

Autores

Peter C. Schalock, James G. Dinulos,

Tópico(s)

Platelet Disorders and Treatments

Resumo

Mycoplasma pneumoniae can infect multiple organ systems. In children and young adults, it commonly produces pneumonia that is self-limited and mild. At 2 to 3 weeks after exposure, patients develop low-grade fever, malaise, headache, and cough. Without treatment, the illness usually subsides within 2 weeks. In 20% to 25% of patients, cutaneous signs are seen. Rarely, M pneumoniae has been cultured from skin bullae, suggesting that primary skin infection is possible. 1 Lyell A. Dick H.M. Gordon A.M. Sommerville R.G. Mycoplasmas and erythema multiforme. Lancet. 1967; 2: 1116-1118 Abstract PubMed Google Scholar , 2 Stutman H.R. Stevens-Johnson syndrome and Mycoplasma pneumoniae: evidence for cutaneous infection. J Pediatr. 1987; 111: 845-847 Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (45) Google Scholar , 3 Meseguer M.A. de Rafael L. Vidal M.L. Stevens-Johnson syndrome with isolation of Mycoplasma pneumoniae from skin lesions. Eur J Clin Microbiol. 1986; 5: 167-168 Crossref PubMed Scopus (41) Google Scholar Nevertheless, almost all cutaneous signs caused by this organism are secondary skin reaction patterns (Table I). Table ICutaneous manifestations of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection Exanthematous eruptions 4 Copps S.C. Allen V.D. Sueltmann S. Evans A.S. A community outbreak of Mycoplasma pneumonia. J Am Med Assn. 1968; 204: 123-128 Crossref PubMed Scopus (33) Google Scholar , 5 Feizi T. Maclean H. Sommerville R.G. Selwyn J.G. Studies on an epidemic of respiratory disease caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Br Med J. 1967; 1: 457-460 Crossref PubMed Scopus (46) Google Scholar , 6 Foy H.M. Grayston J.T. Kenny G.E. Alezander E.R. McMahan R. Epidemiology of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in families. J Am Med Assn. 1966; 197: 859-866 Crossref PubMed Scopus (149) Google Scholar , 7 Foy H.M. Kenny G.E. McMahan R. Mansy A.M. Grayston J.T. Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in an urban area: five years of surveillance. J Am Med Assn. 1970; 214: 1666-1672 Crossref PubMed Scopus (152) Google Scholar Erythema nodosum 8 Kakourou T. Drosatou P. Psychou F. Aroni K. Nicolaidou P. Erythema nodosum in children: a prospective study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2001; 44: 17-21 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (101) Google Scholar Urticaria 9 Bilbao A. Garcia J.M. Pocheville I. et al. Round table: urticaria in relation to infections. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 1999; 27: 73-85 PubMed Google Scholar Stevens-Johnson syndrome 10 Tay Y.K. Huff J.C. Weston W.L. Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is associated with Stevens-Johnson syndrome, not erythema multiforme (von Hebra). J Am Acad Dermatol. 1996; 35: 757-760 Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (108) Google Scholar , 27 Ferwerda A. Moll H.A. de Groot R. Respiratory tract infections by Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children: a review of diagnostic and therapeutic measures. Eur J Pediatr. 2001; 160: 483-491 Crossref PubMed Scopus (119) Google Scholar Pityriasis rosea 5 Feizi T. Maclean H. Sommerville R.G. Selwyn J.G. Studies on an epidemic of respiratory disease caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Br Med J. 1967; 1: 457-460 Crossref PubMed Scopus (46) Google Scholar , 11 Hudson L.D. Adelman S. Lewis C.W. Pitriasis rosea: viral complement fixation studies. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1981; 4: 544-546 Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (27) Google Scholar , 12 Ishibashi A. Ueda I. Fujita K. Pityriasis rosea Gibert and Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. J Dermatol. 1985; 12: 97-100 PubMed Google Scholar , 13 Chuh A.A.T. Chan H.H.L. Prospective case-control study of Chlamydia, Legionella and Mycoplasma infections in patients with pityriasis rosea. Eur J Dermatol. 2002; 12: 170-173 PubMed Google Scholar Toxic epidermal necrolysis 14 Stevens D. Swift P.G.F. Johnston P.G.B. Kearney P.J. Corner B.D. Burman D. Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in children. Arch Dis Child. 1978; 53: 38-42 Crossref PubMed Scopus (63) Google Scholar , 15 Roujeau J.C. Guillaume J.C. Fabre J.P. Penso D. Flechet M.L. Girre J.P. Toxic epidermal necrolysis (Lyell syndrome): incidence and drug etiology in France, 1981-1985. Arch Dermatol. 1990; 126: 37-42 Crossref PubMed Scopus (391) Google Scholar , 16 Fournier S. Bastuji-Garin S. Mentec H. Revuz J. Roujeau J.C. Toxic epidermal necrolysis associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1995; 14: 558-559 Crossref PubMed Scopus (74) Google Scholar Kawasaki disease 17 Leen C. Ling S. Mycoplasma infection and Kawasaki disease. Arch Dis Child. 1996; 75: 266-267 Crossref PubMed Scopus (24) Google Scholar , 18 Wang J.N. Wang S.M. et al. Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection associated with Kawasaki disease. Acta Paediatr. 2001; 90: 594-595 Crossref PubMed Scopus (31) Google Scholar , 19 Narita M. Yamada S. Nakayama T. Sawada H. Nakajima M. Sageshima S. Two cases of lymphadenopathy with liver dysfunction due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection with mycoplasmal bacteraemia without pneumonia. J Infect. 2001; 42: 154-156 Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (24) Google Scholar Leukocytoclastic vasculitis 28 Perez C. Mendoza H. Hernandez R. Valcayo A. Guarch R. Leukocytoclastic vasculitis and polyarthritis associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Clin Infect Dis. 1997; 25: 154-155 Crossref PubMed Scopus (21) Google Scholar , 29 Van Bever H.P. Van Doorn J.W.D. Derney H.E. Adult respiratory distress syndrome associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Eur J Pediatr. 1992; 151: 227-228 Crossref PubMed Scopus (25) Google Scholar Subcorneal pustular dermatosis 20 Winnock T. Wang J. Suys E. De Coninck A. Roseeuw D. Vesiculopustular eruption associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumopathy. Dermatology. 1996; 192: 73-74 Crossref PubMed Scopus (17) Google Scholar , 21 Reichert-Penetrat S. Barbaud A. Antunes A. et al. An unusual form of Stevens-Johnson syndrome with subcorneal pustules associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Pediatr Dermatol. 2000; 17: 202-204 Crossref PubMed Scopus (20) Google Scholar , 22 Papini M. Cicoletti M. Landucci P. Subcorneal pustular dermatosis and Mycoplasma pneumoniae respiratory infection. Acta Derm Venereol. 2003; 83: 387-388 Crossref PubMed Scopus (14) Google Scholar Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura 23 Bar Meir E. Amital H. Levy Y. Kneller A. Bar-Dayan Y. Shoenfeld Y. Mycoplasma-pneumoniae-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Acta Haematol. 2000; 103: 112-115 Crossref PubMed Scopus (47) Google Scholar Henoch-Schoenlein purpura 24 Steare S.E. Wiselka M.J. Kurinczuk J.J. Nicholson K.G. Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection associated with Henoch-Schoenlein purpura. J Infect. 1988; 16: 305-307 Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (11) Google Scholar Urticarial vasculitis 25 Jover F. Cuadrado J.M. Ivars J. Merino J. Urticarial vasculitis and infection due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2003; 21: 218-219 PubMed Google Scholar Raynauds phenomenon 26 Baum S.G. Mycoplasma pneumoniae and atypical pneumonia. in: Mandell G.L. Bennett J.E. Dolin R. Principles and practice of infectious diseases. Churchill Livingstone, New York2000: 2020-2025 Google Scholar Open table in a new tab

Referência(s)