PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF THE GERIATRIC SURGICAL PATIENT
1957; Wiley; Volume: 5; Issue: 10 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1111/j.1532-5415.1957.tb00484.x
ISSN1532-5415
Autores Tópico(s)Historical Psychiatry and Medical Practices
ResumoJournal of the American Geriatrics SocietyVolume 5, Issue 10 p. 832-853 Article PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF THE GERIATRIC SURGICAL PATIENT David Charles Schechter M.D., David Charles Schechter M.D. Jefferson Hospital, Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaSearch for more papers by this author David Charles Schechter M.D., David Charles Schechter M.D. Jefferson Hospital, Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaSearch for more papers by this author First published: October 1957 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.1957.tb00484.xCitations: 1Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat REFERENCES 1Groom, W. S.: Mortality and life expectancy in the U. S. since 1900, Geriatrics 1: 384–390, 1946. 2Berry, R. E.; Iob, V., and Hodgson, P.: Tolerance of elderly surgical patients to intravenous dextrose and water solution, A.M.A. Arch. Surg. 69: 315–333, 1954. 3Stieglitz, E. J.: Foundations of geriatric medicine, in E. J. Stieglitz, ed.: Geriatric Medicine; Medical Care of Later Maturity, ed. 3. Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Co. 1954, pp. 3–26. 4Baurys, W. M.: The geriatric problem, Guthrie Clin. Bull. 23: 238–240, 1954. 5Monroe, R. T.: Medical progress: The effect of aging of population on general health problems, New England J. Med. 249: 277–285, 1953. 6Parsons, W. H., and Williams, W. T.: Surgical problems in the aged Negro, South. Surgeon 16: 1163–1176, 1950. 7Ryan, A. J.: Surgery in the patient over seventy, Ann. Int. Med. 36: 1437–1443, 1952. 8Simpson, G. L.: Geriatric surgery; some observations of surgical patients in the older age groups, J. Kentucky M. A. 51: 1–5, 1952. 9Perez, B.: Cirugia geriatrica, Rev. méd. Córdoba 40: 56, 1952. 10Mithoefer, J., and Mithoefer, J. C.: Studies of the aged; surgical mortality, A.M.A. Arch. Surg 69: 58–65, 1954. 11Spangler, H., and Wild, H.: Ein Beitrag zur Chirurgie im Alter, Klin. Med. 9: 469–479, 1954. 12Vischer, A. L., and Roth, H.: Chirurgie und Alter, Schweiz med. Wchnschr. 84: 226–232, 1954. 13Nascher, I. L.: Geriatrics, New York Med. J. 90: 358, 1909. 14Kountz, W. B.: Special problems of poor surgical risks, especially age, J. Missouri M. A. 41: 200–202, 1944. 15Kountz, W. B., and Chieffi, M.: General oxidative process with relation to degenerative changes in the body, Geriatrics 2: 344–358, 1947. 16Paget, J.: Clinical Lectures and Essays. London, Longmans Green & Co., 1877, p. 6. 17Turnbull, R. B., Jr., and Crile, G., Jr.: Surgery of the colon in the geriatric patient, J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 1: 132–137, 1953. 18Plotegher, A.: Sull' intervento chirurgico nei vecchi, Ann. ital. chir. 28: 686–694, 1951. 19Potter, W. H.; Andersen, M. N., and Stewart, J. D.: Gastric surgery in the aged: a study of 203 selected patients, Geriatrics 7: 173–178, 1952. 20Evans, J. P.: Some problems presented by head injuries in older people, J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 1: 723–729, 1953. 21Sadove, M. S.; Levin, M. J., and Jones, R. A.: Postoperative mortality in the aged, J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 2: 130–134, 1954. 22Adams, W. E.: Problems in pulmonary resection for primary lung tumor in the aged, J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 2: 440–449, 1954. 23Buckwalter, J. A.; Joiner, B. A., and Ziffren, S. E.: Morbidity and mortality of abdomino-perineal resection for carcinoma in the elderly, J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 2: 450–455, 1954. 24Johnston, C. G., and Jordon, P.: Cardiovascular surgery in geriatrics, J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 2: 529–534, 1954. 25Stone, C. T.: Cardiac and renal reserve in the aged as related to operability, J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 2: 781–785, 1954. 26Raven, R. W.: Surgery in octogenarians, Brit. M. J. 2: 266–268, 1955. 27Strenger, G.: The surgical treatment of hernia in the aged: a study of 82 consecutive patients over 60 years of age, Ann. Surg. 129: 238–243, 1949. 28Rosenblatt, M. B.; Aufses, A., and Lisa, J. R.: Lobectomy in a patient eighty-two years of age, J. A. M. A. 143: 552–554, 1950. 29Du Roy, R. M., and Sawyer, K. C.: Geriatric abdominal surgery, Rocky Mountain M. J. 48: 834–838, 1951. 30Seltzer, A. P.: Reconstructive surgery for the aged, Geriatrics 7: 185–188, 1952. 31Thompson, G. J.: The risk of urologic surgery in men past 80, J. Gerontol. 7: 223–227, 1952. 32Strohl, E. L., and Diffenbaugh, W. G.: Biliary tract surgery in the aged patient, Surg., Gynec. & Obst. 97: 467–470, 1953. 33Van De Mark, G. E., and Van De Mark, R. E.: Hip nailing in patients of 80 years or older; experiences in 104 consecutive personal cases, Am. J. Surg. 85: 664–668, 1953. 34Burford, E. H.: Urological surgery after 80 years of age, Geriatrics 8: 151–154, 1953. 35Glover, R. P.; Janton, O. H., and O'Neill, T. J. E.: The surgery of mitral stenosis in patients over the age of fifty, J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 1: 78–87, 1953. 36Jackson, B. R.: Elective proctologic surgery in the aged, South. M. J. 46: 442–446, 1953. 37Jacobs, A.: Relief of prostatic obstruction in the octogenarian, Lancet 2: 67–68, 1954. 38Zeifer, H., and Colp, R.: Abdominal surgery in the elderly patient; review of 106 cases of biliary-tract, stomach, and bowel lesions, A. M. A. Arch. Surg. 68: 315–328, 1954. 39Thorek, M.: Gall bladder surgery in the aged, Geriatrics 9: 57–61, 1954. 40Pool, J. L.: Psychosurgery in older people, J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 2: 456–466, 1954. 41Horrax, G., and Hurxthal, L. M.: Pituitary surgery in the aged, S. Clin. North America 635–641, June 1954. 42Bartels, E. C.: Hyperthroidism in patients over the age of sixty, S. Clin. North America 673–680, June 1954. 43Boyd, D. P., and Foley, R. E.: Mitral stenosis in the older and poor risk patient, S. Clin. North America 687–696, June 1954. 44Marshall, S. F.: Cancer of the stomach in patients sixty years of age or older, S. Clin. North America 711–720, June 1954. 45Parsons, W. H., and Purks, W. K.: The surgical risk in elderly patients, South. Surg. 11: 525–532, 1942. 46Owen, R. A. C., and Murphy, A. F.: Surgery in old age, Brit. M. J. 2: 186–189, 1952. 47Nissen, R.: Chirurgie im Alter, Deutsche med. Wchnschr. 78: 1651–1654, 1953. 48Bradshaw, H. H.: Surgery in the older patient, North Carolina M. J. 14: 57–70, 1953. 49Rehn, E.: Über Operationsgefährdung; die ungewollten Nebenwirkungen der Operation und die Wege zu ihrer Verhütung, Arch. klin. Chir. 279: 716–722, 1954. 50Tuason, M. N., and Paguirigan, B.: The poor risk senile prostatic and his management, Philippine J. Surg. 5: 196–200, 1950. 51(Editorial) Preparation of the aged person for surgical operation, Arizona Med. 8: 55–57, 1951. 52Starlinger, F.: Anfall, Eigentümlichkeiten und Erfolgsaussichten chirurgischer Behandlung alter Menschen, Wien. klin. Wchnschr. 64: 420–422, 1952. 53Strohl, E. L.: Preoperative and postoperative care of the elderly, Geriatrics 8: 377–384, 1953. 54Ziffren, S. E., and Sheets, R. F.: Preparation of the aged patient facing emergency surgery, Geriatrics 8: 629–635, 1953. 55Torres, L. F., Jr.: Surgical problems in the aged, J. Philippine M. A. 29: 467–471, 1953. 56Oberhelman, H. A.: Surgical problems in the aged, Illinois M. J. 103: 23–27, 1953. 57Wolfson, A.: Surgical management of the aged, Rocky Mountain M. J. 51: 505–511, 1954. 58Stewart, J. D., and Alfano, G. S.: Surgery of the elderly, J. A. M. A. 154: 643–646, 1954. 59Oberhelman, H. A.: Tolerance of the aged for major surgery, Postgrad. Med. 16: 22–27, 1954. 60Oberhelman, H. A.: Surgical problem of the aged, J. Internat. Coll. Surgeons 21: 458–467, 1954. 61Nealis, C. H., and Kilgore, A. R.: Preoperative and postoperative care of the aged, S. Clin. North America 1473–1477, October 1954. 62Foldes, F. F.: Preoperative preparation and postoperative care of the aged, Geriatrics 7: 165–172, 1952. 63Preece, W. O.: Acute cholecystitis in the aged, J. Iowa State M. Soc. 61: 485–488, 1952. 64Goldstein, M. S.; Beye, C. L., and Ziffren, S. E.: Intestinal obstruction in the aged, J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 1: 205–212, 1953. 65Sedgwick, C. E.: Intestinal obstruction in the aged, S. Clin. North America 729–736, June 1954. 66Strohl, E. L., and Diffenbaugh, W. G.: Abdominal surgery in the aged patient, J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 1: 771–778, 1953. 67Sadove, M. S., and Kahan, P.: Problems related to anesthesia in geriatric surgery, J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 1: 123–131, 1953. 68Gross, H.; Gerst, G. R., and Buchberg, A. S.: An evaluation of the problem of surgery in the aged, New York State J. Med. 52: 1531–1538, 1952. 69Warren, K. W.: Hernias in the poor risk patient; their surgical management, S. Clin. North America 761–772, June 1954. 70Albrecht, A. D.: Surgery of the aged, Illinois M. J. 105: 317–320, 1954. 71Colcock, B. P.: Acute cholecystitis in the aged, S. Clin. North America 697–700, June 1954. 72Hill, J.: The Old Man's Guide to Health and Longer Life, ed. 6. London, E. and C. Dilly, 1771. 73Zollinger, R. M., and Sirak, H. D.: Gallbladder surgery in patients of the older age group, J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 2: 46–55, 1954. 74Pratt, T. C.: The diabetic as a surgical risk, Bull. New York Acad. Med. 26: 786–802, 1950. 75Duncan, J. A.: Management of the surgical patient handicapped by cardiac, diabetic or renal disease, S. Clin. North America 1265–1270, October 1954. 76Shuman, C. R.: Cuidado de la diabetes mellitus en los pacientes que son operados, Dia méd. (Buenos Aires) 26: 1898–1906, 1954. 77Blaisdell, E. R.: Medical management of the surgical diabetic; a statistical analysis of 500 patients, J. Maine M. A. 45: 214–217, 1954. 78Harris, L. C., Jr., and Walker, G. L.: Problems of the diabetic patient requiring surgery, J. Michigan M. Soc. 53: 1109–1112, 1954. 79Gerritzen, F.: Chirurgie en diabetes, Belg. tijdschr. geneesk. 11: 16–20, 1955. 80Hoskin, T. J.: Senile heart—its effect on the operative risk, Clin. J. 61: 445–451, 1932. 81Olguin, V. V.: Riesgo quirurgico en los enfermos del sistema cardiovascular, Día méd. (Buenos Aires) 22: 581–588, 1950. 82Noenen, R. van: Erfahrungen mit dem Veritoltest zur Erkennung der Kreislaufgefährdung, Geburtsh. u. Frauenh. 10: 376–384, 1950. 83Occhipinti, S., and Aschieri, F.: Sul valore di alcune prove cardiocirculatorie nella valutazione del rischio operatorio, Minerva chir. (Torino) 6: 749–761, 1951. 84Brow, G. R.: Preoperative cardiovascular appraisal of patients, Manitoba M. Rev. 32: 145–148, 1952. 85Enriquez de Salamanca, F., Jr.: El paciente medicina cardíaco como riesgo quirúrgico, Medicina (Madrid) 21: 143–158, 1953. 86Levine, S. A.: Evaluation of the cardiac patient for surgery, Med. Concepts Card. Dis. 22: 166–167, 1953. 87Maher, C. C.: Evaluation of the cardiac patient for surgery, Rocky Mountain M. J. 51: 978–979, 1954. 88Bronstein, J.: El cardiaco antes, durante y despue de la intervencion quirurgica, Prensa méd. argent. 41: 2580–2587, 1954. 89Gertler, M. M.; Finkle, A. L.; Hudson, P. B., and Neidle, E. G.: Cardiovascular evaluation in surgery. I. Operative risk in cancer patients with bundle branch block, Surg., Gynec. & Obst. 99: 441–450, 1954. 90Master, A. M., and Joffe, N. L.: The treatment of heart failure, New York State J. Med. 50: 553–559, 1950. 91Rutledge, D. I.: Evaluation of the cardiac status of the poor risk patient, S. Clin. North America 597–604, June 1954. 92Testa, G.: Su alcune prove di valutazione del rischio operatorio, Rass. med. sarda 55: 197–204, 1953. 93Shock, N. W.: Kidney function tests in aged males, Geriatrics 1: 232–239, 1946. 94Perkins, J. F., Jr.; Adams, W. E.; Christoff, N.; Flores, A., and Weber, W. W.: Tests of pulmonary function utilizing recording oximeters, Fed. Proc. 11: 1, 1952. 95Perkins, J. F., Jr.; Adams, W. E., and Livingston, H. M.: The conversion of Millikan and Wood type oximeters into direct recording instruments for use in surgery, J. Lab. & Clin. Med. 40: 457–478, 1952. 96Livingstone, H. M., and Adams, W. E.: Oximetry during anesthesia in patients with limited pulmonary reserve, Current Res. Anesth. 31: 229–242, 1952. 97Johnson, N. P., and Livingstone, H. M.: Anesthesia in surgery for aged persons with cardiovascular disease, Geriatrics 7: 189–197, 1952. 98Blakemore, W. S.: The evaluation of pulmonary function in surgical patients, J. internat. chir. 10: 176–179, 1950. 99Bonilla Naar, A.: Cirugia del torax en los ancianos, Med. & cir. (Bogota) 16: 157–169, 1952. 100(Editorial) Diet and Aging, Nutrition Rev. 8: 184–187, 1950. 101Vinther-Paulsen, V.: Senile anorexia, Ugesk. laeger 113: 377–380, 1951. 102Clark, J. H.; Nelson, W.; Lyons, C., and Mayerson, H. S.: Chronic shock; the problem of reduced blood volume in the chronically ill patient, Ann. Surg. 125: 618–646, 1947. 103Dodds, M. E., and Curry, G. J.: Blood and plasma volume studies in the severely injured, Am. J. Surg. 80: 732–736, 1950. 104Beling, C. A.; Morton, T. V., Jr., and Bosch, D. T.: Blood volume and other determinations in preoperative and postoperative care. Their practical applications in the average hospital, Surg., Gynec. & Obst. 87: 163–171, 1948. 105Nelson, W., and Lindem, M. C.: Studies of blood volume of patients depleted as a result of trauma, Am. J. Surg. 80: 737–743, 1950. 106Beling, C. A.; Bosch, D. T., and Carter, O. B.: Blood volume in geriatric surgery, Geriatrics 7: 179–183, 1952. 107Nicholson, M. J., and Jensen, F. G.: Importance of blood volume studies in management of surgical patients, Current Res. Anesth. 31: 27–35, 1952. 108Elman, R.: Surgical problems in the aged, in A. I. Lansing, ed.: Cowdry's Problems of Ageing; Biological and Medical Aspects. Baltimore, The Williams & Wilkins Company, 1952. 109Bosch, D. T.; Islami, A.; Tan, C. T. C., and Beling, C. A.: The elderly surgical patient, Arch. Surg. 64: 269–277, 1952. 110Crehan, J. P.: The value of blood volume determinations in the poor risk patient, S. Clin. North America 604–608, June 1954. 111Bigelow, W. G.; Fleming, J. F. R., and Gornall, A. G.: The management of surgical shock in the poor risk patient, Canad. M. A. J. 65: 37–43, 1951. 112Lorhan, P. H.: Geriatric anesthesia, J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 1: 414–426, 1953. 113Fishback, F. C.: Essentials of geriatric surgery, in E. J. Stieglitz, ed.: Geriatric Medicine; Medical Care of Later Maturity, ed. 3. Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Company, 1954. 114Seeley, S. F., and Pulaski, E. J.: The plasma substitutes; progress report, Am. J. Surg. 85: 382–385, 1953. 115Albanesek A. A.; Higgons, R. A.; Vestal, B.; Stephanson, L. and Malsch, M.: Protein requirements of old age, Geriatrics 7: 109–116, 1952. 116Martin, J. D., Jr.: Nutrition in the elderly surgical patient, Am. Surgeon 20: 966–970, 1954. 117Wilensky, A. O.: The preparation of elderly patients for large-scale operations, New York State J. Med. 47: 2432–2435, 1947. 118Elman, R.: Protein nutrition in surgery, New York State J. Med. 47: 382–386, 1947. 119Chassin, J. L.: Principles and techniques of protein therapy in surgical patients, (Internal. Abstr. Surg.) in Surg., Gynec. & Obst. 91: 313–335, 1950. 120Cole, W. H.: Laboratory tests in the determination of operability in the aged, with special reference to nutrition, J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 2: 786–795, 1954. 121Shapleigh, J. B.; Mayes, S., and Moore, C. V.: Hematologic values in the aged, J. Gerontol. 7: 223–227, 1952. 122Rupert, H. S.: Disturbances of acid-base balance of the blood; their significance and influence on prognosis in elderly surgical patients, J. Urol. 47: 379–386, 1942. 123Bland, J. H.: Regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance in aged persons, J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 1: 233–244, 1953. 124Ziffren, S. E.; Zager, L. L., and Cullen, S. C.: Hazards of surgery beyond the age of eighty, Geriatrics 5: 252–258, 1950. 125Scribner, B. H.; Power, M. H., and Rynearson, E. H.: Bedside management of problems of fluid balance, J. A. M. A. 144: 1167–1174, 1950. 126Moyer, C. A.: Acute temporary changes in renal function associated with major surgical procedures, Surgery 27: 198–207, 1950. 127Butler, J. J.: Peripheral vascular collapse after the subcutaneous use of a hypertonic nonelectrolyte solution, New England J. Med. 249: 988–989, 1953. 128Abbott, W. E.; Levey, S.; Foreman, R. C.; Krieger, H., and Holden, W. D.: The danger of administering parenteral fluids by hypodermoclysis, Surgery 32: 305–315, 1952. 129Anderson, C. D.: As the anesthesiologist sees the sunset, California Med. 81: 325–327, 1954. 130Rumble, L., Jr.: Premedication in the aged patient, South. M. J. 47: 651–653, 1954. 131Kaufman, M.: The preoperative and postoperative use of sedatives and narcotics in the aged, S. Clin. North America 715–717, June 1946. 132Sale, L.: Geriatrics; pharmacology in the aged, J. Missouri M. A. 49: 476–480, 1952. 133Rovenstine, E. A.: Geriatric anesthesia, Geriatrics 1: 46–53, 1946. 134Foldes, F. F.: Anesthesia in traumatic conditions, Arch. Surg. 59: 843–855, 1955. 135Bernstine, M. L., and Golden, A. A.: Anesthetic considerations in geriatric patients, Geriatrics 8: 246–251, 1953. 136Rovenstine, E. A., and Batterman, R. C.: The utility of Demerol as a substitute for the opiates in preanesthetic medication, Anesthesiology 4: 126–134, 1943. 137Foster, F. P., and Copeland, A. B.: Use of antibiotics in surgery of the aged, S. Clin. North America 609–618, June 1954. 138Dodd, R. B.: Anesthesia for the elderly, Am. Surgeon 21: 262–267, 1955. 139Christian, H. A.: Use of digitalis other than in treatment of cardiac decompensation, J. A. M. A. 100: 789–792, 1933. 140Raisbeck, M. J.: The use of digitalis in the aged, Geriatrics 7: 12–19, 1952. 141Miller, G. E.: The management of edema in the elderly, J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 2: 344–350, 1954. 142DeCourcy, J. L., and DeCourcy, C. B.: Steroid hormones in geriatric practice, Geriatrics 6: 28–30, 1951. 143Kountz, W. B.: Revitalization of tissue and nutrition in older individuals, Ann. Int. Med. 35: 1055–1067, 1951. 144Thorn, G. W.: Studies on ACTH and Cortisone. The Clinical Problems of Advancing Age. Philadelphia, Smith, Kline & French, 1951. 145Hume, D. M., and Moore, F. D.: The use of ACTH, cortisone, and adrenal cortical extracts in surgical patients, in Proc. Second Clinical ACTH Conference, edited by J. R. Mote. Philadelphia, The Blakiston Co., 1951, vol. 2, p. 289. 146Chute, R.: Preperative and postoperative care of aged patients undergoing urological surgery, J. A. M. A. 148: 184–187, 1952. 147Cole, W. H.; Grove, W. J., and Montgomery, M. M.: Use of ACTH and cortisone in surgery, Ann. Surg. 137: 718–730, 1953. 148Pontes, J. P. L.; Granato, P. O.; Coutinho, J. S. O., and Fraga, S.: Prova de Thorn e avaliacao pre-operatoria dos riscos cirurgicos, Rev. brasil. med. 10: 537–545, 1953. 149Cole, W. H.: Operability in the young and aged, Ann. Surg. 138: 145–157, 1953. 150Fromer, J. L.: Surgical risk of the elderly asthmatic, S. Clin. North America 627–634, June 1954. 151Adams, H. D., and Souders, C. R.: Thoracic surgery in the aged and debilitated patient, S. Clin. North America 681–686, June 1954. 152Salassa, R. M.; Keating, F. R., Jr., and Sprague, R. G.: Clinical aspects of suppression of adrenocortical function after use of cortisone, Proc. Staff Meet., Mayo Clin. 28: 662–668, 1953. 153Bell, A. W.: Omar is X-rayed. New York, Poems, 1945. 154Pincus, G.: Measures of stress responsivity in younger and older men, Psychosom. Med. 12: 225–228, 1950. 155Flynn, J. T.: Effects of stress upon cardiovascular functions in old age, Geriatrics 7: 123–129, 1952. 156Herrmann, G. R.: The aging of man, Geriatrics 9: 283–284, 1954. 157Amberson, J. B.: Chronic diseases of the lung and pleura, in C. J. Stieglitz, ed.: Geriatric Medicine. Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders Company, 1949, pp. 316–339. 158Lautner, A.: Die Anaesthesie in Greisenalter und ihre anoxischen Gefahren, Anaesthesist (Berlin) 3: 86–88, 1954. 159Davis, H. A.; Parlante, V. J., and Hallsted, A. M.: Coronary thrombosis and insufficiency resulting from shock: a clinical and pathologic study, Arch. Surg. 62: 698–704, 1951. 160Dick, V. S.: Prostatectomy in the aged and poor risk patient, S. Clin. North America 809–814, June 1954. 161Johnson, A. S., and Lombard, H. L.: Estimation of operative risk in patients with cancer, New England J. Med. 224: 759–762, 1941. 162Cutler, G. A.; Makel, H. P., and Beecher, H. K.: Frequency of aspiration of gastric contents by lungs during anesthesia and surgery, Ann. Surg. 133: 292–298, 1951. 163Anglem, T. J., and Bradford, M. L.: Major surgery in the aged, New England J. Med. 249: 1005–1009, 1953. 164Brehm, W. F.: The choice of the anesthetic sequence for the geriatric patient, Guthrie Clin. Bull. 23: 245–249, 1954. 165Ziffren, S. E., and Cullen, S. C.: Principles in the management of the aged surgical patient, J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 2: 32–38, 1954. 166Welch, C. S.: Shattuck lecture; surgery in the aged, New England J. Med. 238: 821–832, 1948. 167Parsons, W. H., and Purks, W. K.: The elderly patient as a surgical risk, Arch. Surg. 58: 888–906, 1949. 168Rudd, T. N.: The approach to surgery and anaesthesia in old age, Practitioner 166: 159–165, 1951. 169Dillon, J. B.: Anesthesia for the aged, J. A. M. A. 135: 977–980, 1947. 170Foldes, F. F.: Some problems of geriatric anesthesia, Anesthesiology 11: 737–744, 1950. 171Wasmuth, C. E., and Hale, D. E.: Continuous spinal anesthesia in the poor-risk and aged surgical patient, Cleveland Clin. Quart. 18: 93–97, 1951. 172Griffith, H.: Cyclopropane—A clinical evaluation, Anesthesiology 12: 109–113, 1951. 173Dauri, A., and Begani, R.: Note di anestesia geriatrica, Ann. ital. chir. 29: 300–312, 1952. 174Apogi, E.: Anesthesia in the aged, in A. I. Lansing, ed.: Cowdry's Problems of Ageing; Biological and Medical Aspects. Baltimore, The Williams & Wilkins Company, 1952, pp. 871–881. 175Livingstone, H. M., and Johnson, N. P.: Anesthesia in the aged, J. Iowa Med. Soc. 42: 296–303, 1952. 176Zwicker, M.: Ergebnisse mit der extraduralen Spinalanaesthesie bei sog. Risikooperationen, Deutsche Gesundhwes. 8: 57–67, 1953. 177Golden, A. A.: Anesthesia in geriatric surgery; personal observations, J. Am. Osteopath. A. 53: 137–143, 1953. 178Coscarelli, L.: L'anestesia in chirurgica geriatrica, Minerva anest. (Torino) 20: 164–166, 1954. 179Loder, R. E., and Richardson, H. J.: Preoperative anaesthetic outpatient clinic; analysis of 500 cases, Lancet 1: 1177–1178, 1954. 180Nociti, V.: L'anestesia endotracheale nei malati dopo i 60 anni di eta, Gior. ital. chir. 10: 503–514, 1954. 181Stone, C. S., Jr., and Moore, D. C.: Anesthesia in the poor risk patient, S. Clin. North America 1249–1263, Oct. 1954. 182Knight, R. T.: Essentials of geriatric anesthesia, in E. J. Stieglitz, ed.: Geriatric Medicine; Medical Care of Later Maturity, ed. 3. Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Company, 1954, pp. 156–164. 183Hirschman, G. E.: Anesthesia problems in the geriatric patient, J. Am. Osteopath. A. 54: 282–284, 1955. 184Ausherman, H. M.: Anesthesia for the elderly patient, South M. J. 48: 130–134, 1955. 185Burstein, C. L.: The utility of intravenous procaine in the anesthetic management of cardiac disturbances, Anesthesiology 10: 133–144, 1949. 186Baird, J. W.: Geriatrics and anesthesia, Anesthesiology 4: 17–24, 1943. 187Flach, A., and Voss, G.: Über die Curarisierung im höheren Alter, Chirug. (Berlin) 25: 514–517, 1954. 188Occhipinti, S.: L'anestesia nei cardiopatici da sottoporre ad interventi di chirurgia generale, Minerva anest. (Torino) 20: 231–255, 1954. 189Rankin, F. W., and Johnston, C. C.: Major operations in elderly patients, Surgery 5: 763–774, 1939. 190Wilson, D. S.: Anesthesia for the aged, Current Res. Anesth. 31: 343–347, 1952. 191Osborn, J. E.: Anesthesia in the older age group, J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 1: 648–652, 1953. 192Arhelger, S. W.: Advantages of tracheotomy and the use of a new tracheal tube in the management of intratracheal aspiration, Surgery 29: 260–266, 1951. 193Atkins, J. P.: Tracheotomy for prevention of pulmonary complications in postoperative and severely debilitated patients, J. A. M. A. 146: 241–243, 1951. 194Dickman, R. W., and Baronofsky, I. D.: Tracheotomy—one solution for pulmonary problems in the critically ill patient, Journal-Lancet 71: 43–46, 1951. 195Johnston, K. C.; McMahon, R. J., and Holinger, P. H.: The broadening indications for tracheotomy in the aged, J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 1: 47–51, 1953. 196Davis, H., Jr., and Kearns, J. E.: Surgical and pathologic problems of the thyroid in geriatrics, J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 1: 267–271, 1953. 197Brush, B. E., and Zeller, F., Jr.: Indications for, and results of gallbladder surgery in patients over 65 years of age, J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 1: 863–868, 1953. 198Iason, A. H.: Some surgical aspects of the aged person, J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 1: 57–66, 1953. 199Ziffren, S. E.: Reduction in operative mortality in the very aged, J. A. M. A. 152: 994–996, 1953. 200Cattell, R. B.: Carcinoma of the rectum at advanced age, S. Clin. North America 721–728, June 1954. 201O'Conor, V. J., and Rhoads, P. S.: The management of urinary tract infections in elderly patients, J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 1: 355–361, 1953. 202Hodgson, F. H.: Phlebothrombosis and thrombophlebitis in the aged, J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 1: 402–409, 1953. 203Eversole, U. H.: The anesthetic management of the elderly patient, S. Clin. North America 619–626, June 1954. 204Colcock, B. P.: Diverticulitis of the colon; occurrence and complications in the aged, S. Clin. North America 737–744, June 1954. 205Williams, R. W.; Mixter, G., Jr.; Staton, J. R., and Litter, J.: Elastic stockings in the prevention of pulmonary embolism; a preliminary report, New England J. Med. 246: 360–364, 1952. 206Evans, J. A.: The problem of postoperative thromboembolism in the aged, S. Clin. North America 839–846, June 1954. 207Donaldson, G. A.: The therapy and prophylaxis of venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, S. Clin. North America 1037–1051, October 1947. 208(Editorial) Cardiac contraindications to surgical procedures, New England J. Med. 241: 282, 1949. 209Jackson, H. G.: Fluid balance, J. Clin. Invest. 27: 19–30, 1948. 210Bell, G. O.: Fluid and electrolyte balance in elderly patients, S. Clin. North America 587–596, June 1954. 211 B. Blades, ed.: Nash's Surgical Physiology. Springfield, Ill., Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1953, p. 351. 212Berry, R. E. L.; Iob, V., and Campbell, K. N.: Potassium metabolism in the immediate postoperative period, Arch. Surg. 57: 470–478, 1948. 213Eliel, L. P.; Pearson, O. H., and Rawson, R. W.: Postoperative potassium deficit and metabolic alkalosis, New England J. Med. 243: 471–478; 518–524, 1950. 214Moore, F. D. and Ball, M. R.: The Metabolic Response to Surgery. Springfield, Ill., Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1952. 215Glenn, F., and Hays, D. M.: Surgical treatment of non-malignant disease of the biliary tract in patients 65 years of age and older, J. Am. Geriatrics Soc. 1: 684–700, 1953. 216Thewlis, M. W.: The Care of the Aged. St. Louis, C. V. Mosby Co., 1942. 217Beland, I. L.: Essentials of geriatric nursing, in E. J. Stieglitz, ed.: Geriatric Medicine; Medical Care of Later Maturity, ed. 3. Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Company, 1954, pp. 165–175. 218Sedgwick, C. E., and Bartels, C. C.: Chronic leg ulcers in the aged, S. Clin. North America, 823–828, June 1954. Citing Literature Volume5, Issue10October 1957Pages 832-853 ReferencesRelatedInformation
Referência(s)