A middle-range theory of acute pain management: Use in research
1998; Elsevier BV; Volume: 46; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1016/s0029-6554(98)90038-0
ISSN1528-3968
Autores Tópico(s)Pain Management and Opioid Use
Resumop a i n not only an is intense discomfort but can also delay healing and recovery. Severe and prolonged pain has been shown to adversely affect immunocompetence and stimulate sympathoadrenal stress responses, which can result in infection, urinary retention, muscle tension, and sensitivity of nociceptors. 14 In recognition of these deleterious effects, the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR) published guidelines for the management of acute postoperative pain in 1992. 5 The goals of the pain management guidelines are to reduce pain, complications, and length of hospital stay; to educate patients in communicating unrelieved pain; and to enhance patient satisfaction with pain management practices. Recommendations for physicians and nurses include use of medication, nonpharmacologic adjuvants, patient education, and attentive care. 5 Moore and 16 have described a theory that is based on the acute pain guidelines and have presented initial empiric support, theoretic definitions, and measures.
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