How to Exercise U.S. Leverage Over Pakistan
2012; Taylor & Francis; Volume: 35; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1080/0163660x.2012.725022
ISSN1530-9177
Autores Tópico(s)Military and Defense Studies
ResumoClick to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes 1. Enhanced Partnership with Pakistan Act of 2009, Public Law, 111th Cong., 1st sess. (October 2, 2009). See Section 101(a) and Section 102(b). http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/111/s1707/text. 2. Enhanced Partnership with Pakistan Act of 2009, Public Law, 111th Cong., 1st sess. (October 2, 2009). See Section 101(a) and Section 102(b). http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/111/s1707/text, see Section 203(c). 3. Omar Warrich, “How a U.S. Aid Package to Pakistan Could Threaten Zardari,” Time, October 8, 2009. http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1929306,00.html. 4. Inter Services Public Relations, “Press Release: No PR396/2009-ISPR,” press release, October 7, 2009. http://www.ispr.gov.pk/front/main.asp?o=t-press_release&id=914. 5. Bruce Riedel, Deadly Embrace: Pakistan, America, and the Future of the Global Jihad (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2011), p. 107. 6. Anatol Lieven, Pakistan: A Hard Country, (Public Affairs, 2011), p. 5. 7. Stephen P. Cohen, The Idea of Pakistan, (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2004), p. 196. 8. Shuja Nawaz, “Learning by Doing: The Pakistan Army's Experience with Counterinsurgency,” The Atlantic Council, South Asia Center, February 2011, http://www.acus.org/files/publication_pdfs/403/020111_ACUS_Nawaz_PakistanCounterinsurgency.pdf. 9. “U.S. Overseas Loans and Grants, 1945–2010,” USAID, searchable database available at http://gbk.eads.usaidallnet.gov/. 10. Congressional Research Service. “Direct Overt U.S. Aid Appropriations and Military Reimbursements to Pakistan, FY2002-FY2013,” February 29, 2012, http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/pakaid.pdf. 11. Lieven, p. 97. 12. Elisabeth Bumiller and Jane Perlez, “Pakistan's Spy Agency is Tied to Attack on US Embassy,” The New York Times, September 22, 2011. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/23/world/asia/mullen-asserts-pakistani-role-in-attack-on-us-embassy.html?pagewanted=all. 13. Saeed Shah, “Pakistan defiant as U.S. cuts off $800 million in military aid,” McClatchy Newspapers, July 10, 2011. http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2011/07/10/117389/pakistan-defiant-as-us-cuts-off.html. 14. “U.S. cuts Pakistan aid over jailing of bin Laden sting doctor,” The Sunday Morning Herald, May 25, 2012. http://www.smh.com.au/world/us-cuts-pakistan-aid-over-jailing-of-bin-laden-sting-doctor-20120525-1z8tq.html. 15. United States Census Bureau, “Trade in Goods with Pakistan,” http://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/balance/c5350.html; Central Intelligence Agency, “The CIA World Factbook 2012: Pakistan,” https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/pk.html; Office of the United States Trade Representative, “U.S.-Pakistan trade facts,” http://www.ustr.gov/countries-regions/south-central-asia/pakistan. 16. Code of Federal Regulations, 22 CFR 120.32 “Major Non-NATO Ally.” http://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/22/120/32. 17. “Mohammad's Capture Was Months in the Making,” CNN.com, March 3, 2003. http://articles.cnn.com/2003-03-03/world/capture.tictoc_1_ahmed-abdul-qadoos-pakistani-police-qaeda?_s=PM:asiapcf. 18. Jane Perlez, “Drones Batter al-Qaida and its Allies Within Pakistan,” The New York Times, April 4, 2010. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/05/world/asia/05drones.html 19. On the relationship between Pakistan and the Taliban, see Steve Coll, Ghost Wars: The Secret History of the CIA, Afghanistan, and bin Laden, from the Soviet Invasion to September 10, 2001 (New York: Penguin, 2004); Ahmed Rashid, Taliban (Connecticut: Yale University Press, 2000); and Larry Goodsen, Afghanistan's Endless War: State Failure, Regional Politics, and the Rise of the Taliban (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2001), among many others. 20. Riedel, p. 13. 21. Matthew Cole, “Killing Ourselves in Afghanistan,” Salon, March 10, 2008. www.salon.com/2008/03/10/taliban/. 22. Syed Saleem Shahzad, “Baitullah: Dead or Alive, His Battle Rages,” The Asia Times Online, August 8, 2009. http://www.atimes.com/atimes/South_Asia/KH08Df04.html; Amir Mir, “Hakimullah Mehsud Evades U.S. Drones Again,” The Asia Times Online, January 27, 2012, http://www.atimes.com/atimes/South_Asia/NA27Df01.html. 23. Candace Rondeaux, “Former Pakistani Intelligence Official Denies Aiding Group Ties to Mumbai Seige,” The Washington Post, December 9, 2009, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/12/08/AR2008120803612.html; “Hamid Gul and LeT's Chachu may get official terrorist tag,” The Economic Times, December 6, 2008. http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2008-12-06/news/28411860_1_lashkar-militants-terror-attacks-yusuf-muzammil. 24. See, for example, “H.R. 4228,” 112th Cong., 2nd sess., introduced in March 2012. http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/112/hr4228. 25. “Interservices Intelligence (ISI)”, The New York Times, Times Topics, updated March 9, 2012, http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/organizations/i/interservices_intelligence/index.html. 26. Coll, op. cit.; Ahmed Rashid, Descent into Chaos: the United States and the Failure of Nation-Building in Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Central Asia, (New York: Penguin Group, 2008). 27. U.S. State Department, “Foreign Terrorist Organizations,” http://www.state.gov/j/ct/rls/other/des/123085.htm. 28. The Year of the Drone: An Analysis of U.S. Drone Strikes in Pakistan, 2004–2012, The New America Foundation, http://counterterrorism.newamerica.net/drones. 29. Bob Woodward, Obama's Wars (New York, NY: Simon & Schuster, 2010), p. 8. 30. “Suspected drone attack kills 4 in Pakistan,” New York Daily News, March 30, 2012, http://articles.nydailynews.com/2012-03-30/news/31256557_1_drone-strikes-drone-campaign-drone-attack. 31. Dan Lothian and Reza Sayah, “Obama's drone comment was no slip-up, officials say,” CNN.com, January 31, 2012. http://articles.cnn.com/2012-01-31/politics/politics_obama-pakistan_1_drone-strikes-drone-missions-target-al?_s=PM:POLITICS. Additional informationNotes on contributorsPaul D. MillerDr. Paul D. Miller is an Assistant Professor of International Security Affairs at the National Defense University in Washington, D.C. Dr. Miller previously served as Director for Afghanistan and Pakistan on the National Security Council staff in the White House for Presidents George W. Bush and Barack Obama from 2007–2009. The views expressed here are his own, not those of the U.S. government
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