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Genetic Basis of Congenital Erythrocytosis: Mutation Update and Online Databases

2013; Wiley; Volume: 35; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1002/humu.22448

1098-1004

Celeste Bento, Melanie J. Percy, Betty Gardie, Tabita Maia, Richard van Wijk, Silverio Perrotta, Fulvio Della Ragione, Helena Almeida, Cédric Rossi, François Girodon, Maria Åström, Drorit Neumann, Susanne Schnittger, Britta Landin, Milen Minkov, Maria Luigia Randi, Richard J. Kahnoski, Nicole Casadevall, William Vainchenker, Susana Rives, Sylvie Hermouet, Letícia Ribeiro, Mary Frances McMullin, Holger Cario, Aurélie Chauveau, Anne‐Paule Gimenez‐Roqueplo, Brigitte Bressac–de Paillerets, Didem Altındirek, Felipe R. Lorenzo, Frédéric Lambert, Harlev Dan, Sophie Gad, Ana Catarina Oliveira, Cédric Rossi, Cristina Fraga, Gennadiy Taradin, Guillermo Martín–Núñez, Helena Vitória, Herrera Diaz Aguado, Jan Palmblad, Julia Vidán, Luís Relvas, Letícia Ribeiro, Maria Luigi Larocca, Maria Luigia Randi, Maria Pedro Silveira, Melanie J. Percy, Mor Gross, Ricardo Marques da Costa, Soheir Beshara, Tal Ben‐Ami, Valérie Ugo,

Erythropoietin and Anemia Treatment

Congenital erythrocytosis (CE), or congenital polycythemia, represents a rare and heterogeneous clinical entity. It is caused by deregulated red blood cell production where erythrocyte overproduction results in elevated hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. Primary congenital familial erythrocytosis is associated with low erythropoietin (Epo) levels and results from mutations in the Epo receptor gene (EPOR). Secondary CE arises from conditions causing tissue hypoxia and results in increased Epo production. These include hemoglobin variants with increased affinity for oxygen (HBB, HBA mutations), decreased production of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate due to BPGM mutations, or mutations in the genes involved in the hypoxia sensing pathway (VHL, EPAS1, and EGLN1). Depending on the affected gene, CE can be inherited either in an autosomal dominant or recessive mode, with sporadic cases arising de novo. Despite recent important discoveries in the molecular pathogenesis of CE, the molecular causes remain to be identified in about 70% of the patients. With the objective of collecting all the published and unpublished cases of CE the COST action MPN&MPNr-Euronet developed a comprehensive Internet-based database focusing on the registration of clinical history, hematological, biochemical, and molecular data (http://www.erythrocytosis.org/). In addition, unreported mutations are also curated in the corresponding Leiden Open Variation Database.