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Combined immunodeficiency in horses: Characterization of the lymphocyte defect

1975; Academic Press; Volume: 3; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/0090-1229(75)90080-x

1090-2341

Travis C. McGuire, Keith L. Banks, Marinel J. Poppie,

Immune Response and Inflammation

Combined immunodeficiency (CID) in young horses is similar to severe CID in children (both have lymphopenia, a- or hypogammaglobulinemia, and absence of tissue lymphocytes). Results from this study demonstrate that lymph node cells and blood mononuclear cells from CID foals do not respond normally to phytohemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (Con A), and pokeweed mitogen (PWM). Skin injection of PHA caused a skin reaction of induration and swelling with lymphocyte infiltration at 24 hr in normal foals, but failed to induce a reaction in CID foals. B lymphocyte numbers are very low or absent in lymphoid organs and blood from CID foals. Two CID foals failed to produce antibody to sheep red blood cell injections, and three CID foals lacked "natural" hemolytic antibody to rabbit red blood cells, while normal foals had easily measurable amounts of "natural" antibody. Complement activities measured by ability to cause IgM-coated red blood cells to adhere to macrophages, ability to enhance neutralization of antibody-sensitized equine arteritis virus, and ability to lyse antibody-coated red blood cells were normal in three CID foal sera. These data demonstrate that CID foals have a defect in the production of committed B and T lymphocytes.