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New non-holometabolous insects from the Pennsylvanian of the Avion locality in Pas-de-Calais, France (Insecta: ‘Exopterygota’)

2013; Taylor & Francis; Volume: 38; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1080/03115518.2014.848620

1752-0754

Jakub Prokop, Patrick Roques, André Nel,

Hymenoptera taxonomy and phylogeny

AbstractProkop, J., Roques, P. & Nel, A., 2014. New non-holometabolous insects from the Pennsylvanian of the Avion locality in Pas-de-Calais, France (Insecta: ‘Exopterygota’). Alcheringa 38, 155–169. ISSN 0311–5518.New palaeopteran and neopteran insects are described from Moscovian impression fossils of the Pas-de-Calais Basin in northern France. Spilaptera splendens sp. nov. (Palaeodictyoptera) is based on new forewing venation characters including a well-developed anal bar in the form of a cuticular reinforcement extending from the anal area to the radial stem, a feature previously unknown in this genus. This character was also confirmed after re-examination of S. libelluloides. The discovery of a wing part with a large anal fan supports the presence of a gigantic palaeodictyopteran that can be assigned to Homoiopteridae. Based on a petiolate wing, Jacquesoudardia magnifica gen. et sp. nov. represents a small damselfly-like odonatopteran that was probably predatory on small arthropods and coexisted with larger meganeurid species such as Gallotupus oudardi from the same locality. The discovery of Paolia sp. (Paoliidae), known previously from the Bashkirian of Indiana (USA) and South Limbourg (the Netherlands), extends the distribution and stratigraphic range of the genus. Characterized by a short ScP, Aviogramma gracilis gen. et sp. nov. is the second member of Caloneurodea from the Pas-de-Calais Basin after Pruvostiella lecomtei (Pruvost). Aviocladus pectinatus gen. et sp. nov. and Aviohapaloptera bethouxi gen. et sp. nov. are both assigned to Archaeorthoptera. Aviocladus pectinatus, a member of Cnemidolestodea, preserves a venation pattern that allows restoration of Tococladus to Archaeorthoptera. Aviohapaloptera has strongly similar venation to Hapaloptera, known from Mazon Creek (USA), in bearing a pectinate CuPb, CuA+CuPa with few posterior branches, a narrow costal area and radial posterior (RP) with few branches. In addition, we restore Narkeminidae stat. rest. and separate it from Proedischiidae. These new fossils demonstrate that the insect fauna from the Pas-de-Calais Basin was highly diverse with links to Bashkirian/Moscovian assemblages in Euramerica, such as the Mazon Creek (Illinois, USA) entomofauna.Jakub Prokop [jprokop@natur.cuni.cz], Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Viničná 7, CZ-128 44, Praha 2, Czech Republic. Patrick Roques [patrick.roques93@wanadoo.fr] allée des Myosotis, Neuilly sur Marne, F-93330, France. André Nel [anel@mnhn.fr] CNRS UMR 7205, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CP 50, Entomologie, 45 rue Buffon, F-75005 Paris, France. Received 15.7.2013, revised 10.9.2013, accepted 23.9.2013.法国北部Pas-de-Calais盆地的Moscovian印痕化石中的新古翅类和新翅类昆虫在此被描述。 Spilaptera spledens sp. nov. (Palaeodictyoptera)的建立基于新前翅脉特征, 包括发育良好的肛竿。肛竿的外形为从肛区延伸到径向茎的表皮加厚, 此特征以前在该属未知, 后通过复检S. libelluloides的同样特征才得以证实。翼部发现有大的肛区扇形结构证实大型古网翅类 的存在。它可被归为Homoiopteridae。根据叶柄翼, Jacquesoudardia magnifica gen. et sp. nov.代表一个小豆娘状蜻蜓翅类, 可能捕食小节肢动物, 与较大的meganeurid物种如Gallotupus oudardi 共生于同一地点 。 Paolia sp. (Paoliidae)的发现将该属的分布和地层范围扩展了, 以前认为它只来自印第安纳州的巴什基尔(美国)和南方林堡(荷兰)。通过短ScP特点, Aviogramma gracilis gen. et sp. nov.是Pas-de-Calais盆地中自Pruvostiella lecomtei (Pruvost)之后的Caloneurodea的第二个成员。 Aviocladus pectinatus gen. et sp. nov 和Aviohapaloptera bethoux gen. et sp. nov 均归为Archaeorthoptera 。 Cnemidolestodea的成员之一, Aviocladus pectinatus, 保存了叶脉模式, 使得我们将Tococladus重新归入Archaeorthoptera 。Mazon Creek(美国)的 Aviohapaloptera具有与Hapaloptera很相似的脉型, 具有齿状CuPb、带少许后枝的CuA +CuPa、狭窄的缘区和带少许分支的径向后部(RP)。此外, 我们恢复了Narkeminidae stat. rest. ,将它从Proedischiidae分开。这些新化石表明, 从Pas-de-Calais盆地的昆虫动物群是高度多样化的, 与欧美Bashkirian/Moscovian组合如Mazon Creek(美国伊利诺伊州) 的昆虫动物群有关系。Key words: Palaeodictyopteraodonatopterapaoliidaarchaeorthopteracaloneurodealate CarboniferousMoscovian AcknowledgementsWe are grateful to Dr Stephen McLoughlin (Swedish Museum of Natural History, Sweden), Dr Andrew J. Ross (National Museum of Scotland, UK) and an anonymous referee for constructive comments and improvements to the English text. The first author (JP) acknowledges research support from the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic No. P210/10/0633 and the SYNTHESYS Project financed by the European Community Research Infrastructure Action under the FP7 Integrating Activities Programme (FR-TAF-2407).