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Contaminants and the Path to Salvation: A Study of the Sarvāstivāda Hṛdaya Treatises

2009; Routledge; Volume: 19; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1080/09552360802673906

1469-2961

Bart Dessein,

War, Ethics, and Justification

Abstract The Saṃgītiparyāya is the earliest Sarvāstivāda philosophical text that enumerates a series of contaminants (anuśaya), i.e. innate proclivities, inherited from former births, to do something of usually evil nature. This early list comprises seven such contaminants. As it is the contaminants that lead a worldling (pṛthagjana) to doing volitional actions and thus to forming a karmic result (karmavipāka), these contaminants naturally also bear on the path to salvation. The gradual development of the peculiar Sarvāstivādin path to salvation necessitated a gradual refinement and reinterpretation of the original list of seven contaminants. Apart from a mere technical aspect, this reinterpretation also reflects the viewpoint of the Sautrāntika school of Buddhist philosophy on the nature of contaminants, i.e. their acceptance of a latent and an active state of the defilements, vis-à-vis the Vaibhāṣika viewpoint according to whom no such difference exists. Within Sarvāstivāda literature, the Hṛdaya treatises illustrate this philosophical development. Notes Notes [1] On the Ṣaṭpādābhidharma as the set of canonical Sarvāstivāda Abhidharma works: see Willemen et al. (1998 Willemen, C, Dessein, B and Cox, C. 1998. Sarvāstivāda Buddhist Scholasticism. Handbuch der Orientalistik (2. Abteilung: Indien. 11), Leiden: E. J. Brill. [Google Scholar], pp. 160–162); Dessein (1999 Dessein, B. 2007. "The first turning of the wheel of the doctrine. Sarvāstivāda and Mahāsāṃghika controversy". In The spread of Buddhism, Edited by: Heirman, A and Bumbacher, S. 15–48. Leiden: E. J. Brill. [Google Scholar], pp. xxvii–xxx). [2] The Saṃgītiparyāya is attributed to Mahākauṣṭhila in the Sanskrit tradition, and to Śāriputra in the Chinese tradition (Junjiro, Watanabe, & Ono, Taishō Shinshū Daizōkyō T.1536). Together with the Dharmaskandha (T.1537), the Saṃgītiparyāya forms the oldest constituting part of the so-called Ṣaṭpādābhidharma. 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