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Spinor Bosonic Atoms in Optical Lattices: Symmetry Breaking and Fractionalization

2002; American Physical Society; Volume: 88; Issue: 16 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1103/physrevlett.88.163001

1092-0145

Eugene Demler, Fei Zhou,

Quantum, superfluid, helium dynamics

We study superfluid and Mott insulator phases of cold spin-1 Bose atoms with antiferromagnetic interactions in an optical lattice, including a usual polar condensate phase, a condensate of singlet pairs, a crystal spin nematic phase, and a spin singlet crystal phase. We suggest a possibility of exotic fractionalized phases of spinor Bose-Einstein condensates and discuss them in the language of Z2 lattice gauge theory.