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Estimating the vaccine-preventable burden of hospitalized pneumonia among young Mozambican children

2010; Elsevier BV; Volume: 28; Issue: 30 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.03.060

1873-2518

Anna Roca, Betuel Sigaúque, Llorenç Quintó, L. Morais, Anna Berenguera, M Corachán, Josep L. Ribó, Denise Naniche, Quique Bassat, Ch. Sacoor, Delino Nhalungo, Eusébio Macete, Anne Schuchat, M. Soriano-Gabarró, Brendan Flannery, Pedro L. Alonso,

Global Maternal and Child Health

Polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines against Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and Streptococcus pneumoniae have proven efficacy against radiologically confirmed pneumonia. Measurement of pneumonia incidence provides a platform to estimate of the vaccine-preventable burden. Over 24 months, we conducted surveillance for radiologically confirmed severe pneumonia episodes among children <2 years of age admitted to a rural hospital in Manhiça, southern Mozambique. Study children were tested for HIV during the second year of surveillance. Severe pneumonia accounted for 15% of 5132 hospital admissions and 32% of in-hospital mortality among children <2 years of age. Also, 43% of chest radiographs were interpreted as radiologically confirmed pneumonia. HIV-infection was associated with 81% of fatal pneumonia episodes among children tested for HIV. The minimum incidence rate of radiologically confirmed pneumonia requiring hospitalization was 19 episodes/1000 child-years. Incidence rates among HIV-infected children were 9.3–19.0-fold higher than HIV-uninfected. Introduction of Hib and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines would have a substantial impact on pneumonia hospitalizations among African children if vaccine effects are similar to those observed in clinical trials.