Flüssige Metalle und flüssige Halbleiter
1980; Wiley; Volume: 92; Issue: 8 Linguagem: Alemão
10.1002/ange.19800920805
ISSN1521-3757
Autores Tópico(s)High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena
ResumoAngewandte ChemieVolume 92, Issue 8 p. 598-611 Aufsatz Flüssige Metalle und flüssige Halbleiter†‡ Prof. Dr. Friedrich Hensel, Prof. Dr. Friedrich Hensel Fachbereich Physikalische Chemie der Universität Hans-Meerwein-Straße, D-3550 MarburgSearch for more papers by this author Prof. Dr. Friedrich Hensel, Prof. Dr. Friedrich Hensel Fachbereich Physikalische Chemie der Universität Hans-Meerwein-Straße, D-3550 MarburgSearch for more papers by this author First published: August 1980 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.19800920805Citations: 13 † Nach einem Hauptvortrag auf der GDCh-Hauptversammlung in Berlin am 12. September 1979. ‡ Professor Ernst Ulrich Franck zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionAdd to favorites ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstract Eine größere Zahl von flüssigen Systemen hat elektrische Eigenschaften, die denen kristalliner oder amorpher fester Halbleiter ähnlich sind. Die Beobachtung „halbleitenden”︁ Verhaltens an diesen Flüssigkeiten ist meist mit einem kontinuierlichen Übergang von metallischem zu „halbleitendem”︁ Zustand verbunden, wenn eine Zustandsvariable wie Temperatur, Dichte oder Konzentration geändert wird. Für diesen Übergang sind Änderungen der chemischen Wechselwirkung und die damit verbundenen Änderungen in der Nahordnung der Flüssigkeitsstruktur von grundlegender Bedeutung. Dies wird am Beispiel der ionischen Flüssigkeit CsAu und des kovalenten flüssigen Selens sowie an expandierten flüssigen Metallen diskutiert. References 1 A. F. Joffe, A. R. Regel in A. F. Gibson: Progress in Semiconductors. Wiley, New York 1960. Google Scholar 2 T. E. Faber: Theory of Liquid Metals. Cambridge University Press, London 1972. Google Scholar 3 N. E. Cusack, Rep. Prog. Phys. 26, 361 (1963). 10.1088/0034-4885/26/1/310 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 4 N. F. Mott, E. A. Davis: Electronic Processes in Noncrystalline Materials. Clarendon Press, Oxford 1971. Google Scholar 5 M. A. Bredig, J. W. Johnson, J. Phys. Chem. 64, 1899 (1960). 10.1021/j100841a022 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 6 M. A. Bredig in M. Blander: Molten Salt Chemistry. Wiley, New York 1964. Google Scholar 7 N. H. Nachtrieb, Adv. Chem. Phys. 31, 465 (1975). 10.1002/9780470143834.ch7 CASGoogle Scholar 8 W. W. Warren, Adv. Molten Salt Chem. 4 (1979). Google Scholar 9 M. Cutler: Liquid Semiconductors. Academic Press, New York 1977. Google Scholar 10 J. E. Enderby in J. Tauc: Amorphous and Liquid Semiconductors. Plenum Press, New York 1974. 10.1007/978-1-4615-8705-7_7 Google Scholar 11 K. Suzuki, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 80, 689 (1976). 10.1002/bbpc.19760800804 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 12 R. U. Keezer, M. W. Bailey, Mater. Res. Bull. 2, 185 (1967). 10.1016/0025-5408(67)90057-8 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 13 H. Hoshino, R. W. Schmutzler, W. W. Warren, F. Hensel, Phil. Mag. 33, 255 (1974). 10.1080/00318087608225772 Web of Science®Google Scholar 14 F. Hensel, Angew. Chem. 86, 459 (1974); 10.1002/ange.19740861302 CASGoogle Scholar Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 13, 446 (1974). 10.1002/anie.197404461 Web of Science®Google Scholar 15 H. Hoshino, R. W. Schmutzler, F. Hensel, Phys. Lett. A 51, 7 (1975). 10.1016/0375-9601(75)90293-5 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 16 R. W. Schmutzler, H. Hoshino, R. Fischer, F. Hensel, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 80, 113 (1976). 10.1002/bbpc.19760800203 Web of Science®Google Scholar 17 P. Münster, W. Freyland, Phil. Mag. B 39, 93 (1979). 10.1080/13642817908245354 Web of Science®Google Scholar 18 G. Kienast, J. Verma, Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 310, 143 (1961). 10.1002/zaac.19613100304 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 19 H. G. Fan, Phys. Rev. 82, 900 (1951). 10.1103/PhysRev.82.900 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 20 E. Mollwo, Z. Phys. 124, 118 (1948). 10.1007/BF01374926 Web of Science®Google Scholar 21 A. Klemm in M. Blander: Molten Salt Chemistry. Wiley, New York 1964. Google Scholar 22 K.-D. Krüger, R. Fischer, R. W. Schmutzler in R. Evans, D. A. Greenwood: Liquid Metals 1976. Conference Series No. 30. Institute of Physics, Bristol 1977. Google Scholar 23 K.-D. Krüger, R. W. Schmutzler, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 80, 816 (1976). 10.1002/bbpc.19760800835 Web of Science®Google Scholar 24 G. A. Tinelli, D. F. Holcomb, Materials Science Center, Cornell University Report No. 2935, 1977. Google Scholar 25 W. E. Spicer, A. H. Sommer, J. G. White, Phys. Rev. 115, 57 (1959). 10.1103/PhysRev.115.57 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 26 F. Wooten, G. A. Condas, Phys. Rev. 131, 657 (1963). 10.1103/PhysRev.131.657 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 27 H. Overhof, J. Knecht, R. Fischer, F. Hensel, J. Phys. F 8, 1607 (1978). 10.1088/0305-4608/8/7/032 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 28 H. Overhof, R. Fischer, M. Vulli, F. Hensel, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 80, 872 (1976). Google Scholar 29 A. Hasegawa, M. Watabe, J. Phys. F 7, 75 (1977). 10.1088/0305-4608/7/1/017 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 30 G. K. Wertheim, C. W. Bates, D. N. E. Buchanan, Solid State Commun. 30, 473 (1979). 10.1016/0038-1098(79)91220-1 Web of Science®Google Scholar 31 G. K. Wertheim, R. L. Cohen, G. Crecelius, K. W. West, J. H. Wernick, Phys. Rev. B 20, 860 (1979). 10.1103/PhysRevB.20.860 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 32 J. Knecht, R. Fischer, H. Overhof, F. Hensel, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1978, 905. Google Scholar 33 V. M. Glazov, S. N. Chizhevskaya, N. N. Glagoleva: Liquid Semiconductors. Plenum Press, New York 1969. 10.1007/978-1-4899-6451-9 Google Scholar 34 A. Kempf, R. W. Schmutzler, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 84, 5 (1980). 10.1002/bbpc.19800840104 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 35 W. Martin, P. Lamparter, S. Steeb, W. Freyland in E. Lüscher: Liquid and Amorphous Metals. Nato Advanced Study Institute 1980. Google Scholar 36 W. Martin, Dissertation, Universität Stuttgart 1979. Google Scholar 37 P. Y. Achener, Aerojet General Nucleonics, Report No. AGN-8195, Vol. I, 1968. Google Scholar 38 N. H. Nachtrieb, Konferenz Physical Chemistry of Fluid Metals, Königstein 1976. Google Scholar 39 G. Steinleitner, W. Freyland, Phys. Lett. A 55, 163 (1975). 10.1016/0375-9601(75)90694-5 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 40 W. Freyland, G. Steinleitner, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 80, 815 (1976). 10.1002/bbpc.19760800834 Web of Science®Google Scholar 41 A. Weiss, H. Witte: Magnetochemie. Verlag Chemie, Weinheim 1973. Google Scholar 42 N. Nikoloso, R. W. Schmutzler, F. Hensel, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 79, 1186 (1978). Google Scholar 44 F. Hensel, Adv. Phys. 28, 555 (1979). 10.1080/00018737900101415 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 45 V. T. Nguyen, J. E. Enderby, Phil. Mag. 35, 1013 (1977). 10.1080/14786437708232641 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 46 B. R. Hochner, C. Wagner, Acta Metall. 6, 712 (1958). 10.1016/0001-6160(58)90062-2 Web of Science®Google Scholar 47 J. E. Enderby, E. W. Collings, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 4, 161 (1970). 10.1016/0022-3093(70)90033-5 CASGoogle Scholar 48 K. Hauffe, C. Wagner, Z. Elektrochem. 46, 160 (1940). 10.1002/bbpc.19400460312 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 49 J. J. Egan, Acta Metall. 7, 560 (1959). 10.1016/0001-6160(59)90193-2 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 50 M. L. Saboungi, J. Marr, M. Blander, J. Chem. Phys. 68, 1375 (1978). 10.1063/1.435957 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 51 H. Ruppersberg, W. Speicher, Z. Naturforsch. A 31, 47 (1976). CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 52 H. Ruppersberg, J. Egger, J. Chem. Phys. 63, 4095 (1975). 10.1063/1.431179 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 53 A. Eisenberg, A. V. Tobolsky, J. Polym. Sci. 46, 19 (1960). 10.1002/pol.1960.1204614703 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 54 G. Lucovsky in E. Gerlach, P. Grosse: Selenium and Tellurium. Springer, Berlin 1979. Google Scholar 55 G. Briegleb, Z. Phys. Chem. A 144, 321 (1929). CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 56 S. Dobinski, J. Weselowski, Bull. Acad. Pol. Sci., Ser. Sci. A 9 (1937). Web of Science®Google Scholar 57 J. Moscinski, A. Renninger, A. L. Averbach, Phys. Lett. A 42, 453 (1973). 10.1016/0375-9601(73)90750-0 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 58 G. Tourand, J. Phys. (Paris) 34, 937 (1973). 10.1051/jphys:019730034010093700 Google Scholar 59 M. Miscawa, K. Suzuki, Trans. Jpn. Inst. Met. 18, 427 (1977). 10.2320/matertrans1960.18.427 Google Scholar 60 D. C. Konigsberger, Dissertation, Eindhoven 1971. Google Scholar 61 H. Hoshino, R. W. Schmutzler, F. Hensel, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 80, 27 (1976). 10.1002/bbpc.19760800108 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 62 V. A. Alekseev, V. G. Oveharenko, Yu. F. Ryshkov, M. V. Sadovskii, JETP Lett. 24, 189 (1977). Web of Science®Google Scholar 63 H. Hoshino, R. W. Schmutzler, F. Hensel in R. Evans, D. A. Greenwood: Liquid Metals 1976. Conference Series No. 30. Institute of Physics, Bristol 1977, S. 404. Google Scholar 64 R. Fischer, R. W. Schmutzler in E. Gerlach, P. Grosse: Selenium and Tellurium. Springer, Berlin 1979. Google Scholar 65 W. W. Warren, R. Dupree, Phys. Rev. B, im Druck. Google Scholar 66 H. Endo, H. Hoshino, R. W. Schmutzler, F. Hensel in R. Evans, D. A. Greenwood: Liquid Metals 1976. Conference Series No. 30. Institute of Physics, Bristol 1977, S. 404. Google Scholar 67 M. Yao, M. Misonou, K. Tamura, K. Ishida, K. Tsuji, H. Endo, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn., im Druck. Google Scholar 68 W. Freyland, M. Cutler, Trans. Faraday Soc., im Druck. Google Scholar 69 G. Weser, W. W. Warren, F. Hensel, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 82, 588 (1978). 10.1002/bbpc.197800123 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 70 H. Rau, J. Chem. Thermodyn. 6, 525 (1974). 10.1016/0021-9614(74)90039-1 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 71 P. Boolchand, P. Suromyi, Phys. Rev. B 7, 57 (1973). 10.1103/PhysRevB.7.57 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 72 G. Tourand, J. Physique 34, 937 (1973). 10.1051/jphys:019730034010093700 Google Scholar 73 G. Tourand, Phys. Lett. A 54, 209 (1975). 10.1016/0375-9601(75)90168-1 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 74 R. Bellissent, G. Tourand, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 35, 1221 (1980). 10.1016/0022-3093(80)90364-6 Web of Science®Google Scholar 75 M. Edeling, Dissertation, Universität Marburg 1980. Google Scholar 76 J. E. Enderby, M. Gay, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 35, 1269 (1980). 10.1016/0022-3093(80)90372-5 Web of Science®Google Scholar 77 H. Thurn, J. Ruska, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 22, 331 (1976). 10.1016/0022-3093(76)90063-6 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 78 R. Fischer, R. W. Schmutzler, F. Hensel, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 35, 1295 (1980). 10.1016/0022-3093(80)90376-2 Web of Science®Google Scholar 79 M. Yao, R. Suzuki, H. Endo, Solid State Commun., im Druck. Google Scholar 80 R. A. Street, N. F. Mott, Phys. Rev. Lett. 35, 1293 (1975). 10.1103/PhysRevLett.35.1293 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 81 M. Kastner, D. Adler, H. Fritzsche, Phys. Rev. Lett. 37, 1504 (1976). 10.1103/PhysRevLett.37.1504 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 82 D. Vanderbilt, J. D. Joannopoulos, Phys. Rev. Lett. 42, 1012 (1979). 10.1103/PhysRevLett.42.1012 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 83 H. P. Seyer, Diplomarbeit, Universität Marburg 1979. Google Scholar 84 J. N. Hodgson, Phil. Mag. 8, 735 (1963). 10.1080/14786436308213832 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 85 B. Meyer: Sulfur, Energy and Environment. Elsevier, New York 1977. Google Scholar 86 G. Weser, F. Hensel, W. W. Warren, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 82, 588 (1978). 10.1002/bbpc.197800123 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 87 A. V. Tobolsky, W. J. MacKnight: Polymeric Sulfur and Related Polymers. Interscience, New York 1965. Google Scholar 88 J. A. Poulis, C. H. Massen, P. van der Leeden, Trans. Faraday Soc. 58, 474 (1962). 10.1039/tf9625800474 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 89 D. M. Gardner, G. K. Fränkel, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 78, 3279 (1956). 10.1021/ja01595a011 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 90 D. C. Koningsberger, T. de Neets, Chem. Phys. Lett. 4, 615 (1970); 10.1016/0009-2614(70)80098-7 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar Chem. Phys. Lett. 14, 453 (1972). 10.1016/0009-2614(72)80238-0 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 91 W. R. Salaneck, persönliche Mitteilung. Google Scholar 92 B. Meyer, T. V. Oommen, D. Jensen, J. Phys. Chem. 75, 912 (1971). 10.1021/j100677a012 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 93 G. Weser, Dissertation, Universität Marburg 1980. Google Scholar 94 J. Berkowitz, J. R. Marquardt, J. Chem. Phys. 39, 275 (1963). 10.1063/1.1734241 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 95 D. Detry, J. Drowart, P. Goldfinger, H. Keller, H. Rickert, Z. Phys. Chem. (Frankfurt am Main) 55, 314 (1967). 10.1524/zpch.1967.55.5_6.314 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 96 H. Rau, T. R. N. Kutty, J. R. F. Guedes De Carvalho, J. Chem. Thermodyn. 5, 833 (1973). 10.1016/S0021-9614(73)80045-X CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 97 M. Edeling, R. W. Schmutzler, F. Hensel, Phil. Mag. 39, 547 (1979). 10.1080/13642817908246005 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 98 B. Meyer, Chem. Rev. 76, 367 (1976). 10.1021/cr60301a003 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 99 N. F. Mott, R. W. Gurney: Electronic Processes in Ionic Crystals. Clarendon Press, Oxford 1940. Google Scholar 100 F. Hensel, E. Franck, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 70, 1154 (1966). 10.1002/bbpc.19660700947 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 101 I. K. Kikoin, A. R. Sechenkov, Phys. Met. Metallogr. (USSR) 24, 5 (1967). Google Scholar 102 V. S. Bhise, C. F. Bouilla, Proc. 7th Symp. Thermophys. Prop., A. S. M. E., Gaitersburg, Md. 1977. Google Scholar 103 G. Franz, Dissertation, Universität Marburg 1980. Google Scholar 104 W. Freyland, F. Hensel, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 76, 347 (1972). 10.1002/bbpc.19720760342 CASGoogle Scholar 105 V. S. Bhise, Dissertation, Columbia University, New York 1976. Google Scholar 106 U. Seydel, F. Fucke, J. Phys. F 8, L 157 (1978). 10.1088/0305-4608/8/7/003 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 107 D. R. Postill, R. G. Ross, N. E. Cusack, Adv. Phys. 16, 493 (1967). 10.1080/00018736700101595 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 108 G. Schönherr, R. W. Schmutzler, F. Hensel, Phil. Mag. B 40, 411 (1979). 10.1080/13642817908246382 Web of Science®Google Scholar 109 R. W. Schmutzler, F. Hensel, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 76, 531 (1972). 10.1002/bbpc.19720760614 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 110 U. Even, J. Jortner, Phys. Rev. Lett. 28, 31 (1972). 10.1103/PhysRevLett.28.31 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 111 H. Uchtmann, F. Hensel, Phys. Lett. 53 A, 239 (1975). 10.1016/0375-9601(75)90422-3 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 112 H. Ikezi, K. Schwarzenegger, A. L. Simons, A. L. Passner, S. L. McCall, Phys. Rev. B 18, 2494 (1978). 10.1103/PhysRevB.18.2494 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 113 W. Hefner, Dissertation, Universität Marburg 1980. Google Scholar 114 M. Inutake, K. Suzuki, Frijiwaka, Proc. 14th Int. Conf. on Phenomena in Ionized Gases 1979. Google Scholar 115 R. W. Schmutzler, Habilitationsschrift, Universität Marburg 1979. Google Scholar 116 V. El-Hanany, W. W. Warren, Phys. Rev. Lett. 34, 1276 (1975). 10.1103/PhysRevLett.34.1276 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 117 H. P. Pfeifer, W. Freyland, F. Hensel, Phys. Lett. A 43, 111 (1973). 10.1016/0375-9601(73)90569-0 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 118 H. P. Pfeifer, W. Freyland, F. Hensel, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 83, 204 (1979). 10.1002/bbpc.19790830305 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 119 W. Freyland, Phys. Rev. B 20, 5104 (1979). 10.1103/PhysRevB.20.5104 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 120 W. Freyland, Habilitationsschrift, Universität Marburg 1980. Google Scholar 121 W. Freyland, F. Hensel, W. Gläser, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 83, 884 (1979). 10.1002/bbpc.19790830903 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 122 N. F. Mott: Metal-Insulator Traansition. Taylor and Francis, London 1974. Google Scholar 123 E. Schneider, G. Franz, W. Freyland in E. Lüscher: Liquid and Amorphous Metals. Nato Advanced Study Institute 1979. Google Scholar 124 N. W. Ashcroft, J. Lekner, Phys. Rev. 145, 83 (1966). 10.1103/PhysRev.145.83 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 125 M. Shimoji: Liquid Metals. Academic Press, London 1977. Google Scholar 126 E. Thiele, J. Chem. Phys. 39, 474 (1963). 10.1063/1.1734272 Web of Science®Google Scholar 127 F. Kohler: The Liquid State. Verlag Chemie, Weinheim 1972. Google Scholar 128 D. A. Young, B. J. Alder, Phys. Rev. A 3, 364 (1971). 10.1103/PhysRevA.3.364 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 129 M. Zillgitt, R. W. Schmutzler, F. Hensel, Phys. Lett. A 39, 419 (1972). 10.1016/0375-9601(72)90122-3 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 130 G. Schönherr, Dissertation, Universität Marburg 1978. Google Scholar 131 U. Even, J. Magen, J. Phys. E 7, 902 (1975). Google Scholar 132 J. C. Wheeler, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 76, 308 (1972). 10.1002/bbpc.19720760331 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar 133 H. Uchtmann, F. Hensel, H. Overhof, Phil. Mag., im Druck. Google Scholar 134 M. J. Taylor: Metal-To-Metal Bounded States of the Main Group Elements. Academic Press, New York 1975. Google Scholar Citing Literature Volume92, Issue8August 1980Pages 598-611 This is the German version of Angewandte Chemie. Note for articles published since 1962: Do not cite this version alone. Take me to the International Edition version with citable page numbers, DOI, and citation export. We apologize for the inconvenience. ReferencesRelatedInformation
Referência(s)