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Bone Remodeling Biomarkers of Periodontal Disease in Saliva

2008; Wiley; Volume: 79; Issue: 10 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1902/jop.2008.080070

1943-3670

Brandon D. Frodge, Jeffrey L. Ebersole, Richard J. Kryscio, Mark V. Thomas, Craig S. Miller,

Oral Health Pathology and Treatment

Background: Tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), C‐telopeptide pyridinoline cross‐links of type I collagen (ICTP), and receptor activator of nuclear factor‐kappa B ligand (RANKL) have been associated with bone remodeling and periodontal tissue destruction. This study evaluated the level of these biomarkers in saliva with respect to periodontal disease status. Methods: Levels of TNF‐α in unstimulated whole saliva of 74 adults (35 subjects with moderate to severe periodontal disease and 39 healthy controls) and salivary levels of RANKL and ICTP of a subset of 21 subjects and 21 matched controls were examined using enzyme immunosorbent assays in a case‐control clinical study. Results: Salivary levels of TNF‐α were detected in all subjects, whereas levels of ICTP and RANKL were detected in only a minority of subjects. Mean salivary levels of TNF‐α were significantly higher in individuals with periodontal disease (mean: 4.33 pg/ml) than in controls (mean: 2.03 pg/ml; P = 0.02), with a maximum level (27.96 pg/ml) observed in periodontitis. Subjects with salivary TNF‐α levels above a threshold of 5.75 pg/ml (i.e., two standard deviations above the mean of the controls) had significantly more sites with bleeding on probing, probing depths ≥4 mm, and attachment loss ≥2 mm ( P ≤0.01). Conclusion: Salivary levels of TNF‐α were elevated in patients who had clinical indicators of periodontitis, suggesting that this biomarker may serve in a panel of salivary biomarkers that could facilitate the screening, diagnosis, and management of periodontal disease.