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Ambipolar Insulator-to-Metal Transition in Black Phosphorus by Ionic-Liquid Gating

2015; American Chemical Society; Volume: 9; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1021/acsnano.5b00497

1936-086X

Yu Saito, Yoshihiro Iwasa,

Electronic and Structural Properties of Oxides

We report ambipolar transport properties in black phosphorus using an electric-double-layer transistor (EDLT) configuration. The transfer curve clearly exhibits ambipolar transistor behavior with an ON-OFF ratio of 5*10^3. The band gap was determined as = 0.35 eV from the transfer curve, and Hall-effect measurements revealed that the hole mobility was ~ 190 cm^2/Vs at 170 K, which is one order of magnitude larger than the electron mobility. By inducing an ultra-high carrier density of ~ 10^14 cm^-2, an electric-field-induced transition from the insulating state to the metallic state was realized, due to both electron and hole doping. Our results suggest that black phosphorus will be a good candidate for the fabrication of functional devices, such as lateral p-n junctions and tunnel diodes, due to the intrinsic narrow band gap.