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11. Windbreaks: Benefits to orchard and vineyard crops

1988; Elsevier BV; Volume: 22-23; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/0167-8809(88)90019-9

1873-2305

Richard L. Norton,

Plant Surface Properties and Treatments

Windbreaks provide substantial benefits in the production of orchard and vineyard crops. Year-round protection is critical to the survival and proper development of trees and vines. Tall windbreaks may cause the microclimate within the orchard to become isolated from the atmosphere above the orchard. This decoupling enhances the orchard microclimate, thus improving conditions for pollination and fruit set which in turn result in greater yields. Reductions in windspeed within the orchard reduce the amount of mechanical damage caused by the whipping of leaves, branches, buds, flowers and fruits. This improves fruit quality and results in substantial economic gain. In addition, windbreaks reduce tree deformation and root breakage in young fruit trees. Proper windbreak design and careful selection of windbreak species will increase flexibility in orchard and vineyard management. Reduced windspeed allows for timely application and efficient use of pesticide. Water management is enhanced owing to more efficient water distribution and reduced evaporation. With proper design, windbreaks may also aid in frost management.