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Audio Watermarking and Fingerprinting: For Which Applications?

2003; Routledge; Volume: 32; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1076/jnmr.32.1.65.16803

1744-5027

Leandro de Campos Teixeira Gomes, Pedro Cano, Emilia G�mez, Madeleine Bonnet, Eloi Batlle,

Digital Media Forensic Detection

Although not a new issue, music piracy has acquired a new status in the digital era, as recordings can be easily copied and distributed. Watermarking has been proposed as a solution to this problem. It consists in embedding into the audio signal an inaudible mark containing copyright information. A different approach, called fingerprinting, consists in extracting a “fingerprint” from the audio signal. In association with a database, this fingerprint can be used to identify a recording, which is useful, for example, to monitor audio excerpts played by broadcasters and webcasters. There are far more applications to watermarking and fingerprinting. After a brief technical review, this article describes potential applications of both methodologies, showing which one is more suitable for each application.