First Report of Watermelon Wilting Caused by Fusarium brachygibbosum in Sonora, Mexico
2014; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 99; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1094/pdis-10-14-1073-pdn
ISSN1943-7692
AutoresMaría Eugenia Rentería-Martínez, Amparo Del Carmen Meza-Moller, Miguel Ángel Guerra-Camacho, F. Romo-Tamayo, Andrés Ochoa‐Meza, Sergio Francisco Moreno-Salazar,
Tópico(s)Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
ResumoHomePlant DiseaseVol. 99, No. 5First Report of Watermelon Wilting Caused by Fusarium brachygibbosum in Sonora, Mexico PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Watermelon Wilting Caused by Fusarium brachygibbosum in Sonora, MexicoM. E. Renteria-Martinez, A. Meza-Moller, M. A. Guerra-Camacho, F. Romo-Tamayo, A. Ochoa-Meza, and S. F. Moreno-SalazarM. E. Renteria-Martinez, A. Meza-Moller, M. A. Guerra-Camacho, F. Romo-Tamayo, A. Ochoa-Meza, and S. F. Moreno-SalazarAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations M. E. Renteria-Martinez A. Meza-Moller , Universidad Estatal de Sonora, Unidad Academica Hermosillo, Ley Federal del Trabajo y Perimetral S/N, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico M. A. Guerra-Camacho F. Romo-Tamayo A. Ochoa-Meza S. F. Moreno-Salazar , Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Departamento de Agricultura y Ganadería de la Universidad de Sonora, Carretera a Bahía de Kino Km. 21, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico Published Online:29 May 2015https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-10-14-1073-PDNAboutSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat In May 2013 and May 2014, two fields in the coast of Hermosillo and two of the Guaymas Valley, the major producing areas of watermelon in Sonora, Mexico, were sampled. Symptomatic watermelon plants exhibiting a cortical rot at the base of the stem and the upper portion of the taproot were observed and collected. Wilting and death was observed in approximately 50% of ungrafted watermelon plants in the sampled fields. One-centimeter pieces from the edge of lesions on stems and roots were superficially disinfected with 1% sodium hypochlorite, rinsed with sterile distilled water, placed onto petri dishes containing potato dextrose agar (PDA), and incubated at 25°C for 3 days. Mycelia from 46 isolates were used for morphological and molecular identification. After DNA extraction, the rDNA-ITS region was amplified using PCR with the universal fungal primers ITS1 and ITS4 (White et al. 1990). The purified products were separately sequenced in both directions using the same primer pair. A five species fungi complex, potentially pathogenic, was identified: Rhizoctonia solani, Ceratobasidium sp., Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, and F. brachygibbosum. F. brachygibbosum has not previously been reported as pathogenic in watermelon. Four different isolates of this fungal species were obtained. Two of them showed 100% nucleotide similarity with the GenBank accession no. KF985966 (Mirhosseini et al. 2014) and another two with 99% similarity to KF028369 both corresponding to F. brachygibbosum. The morphology of growth for this fungus showed white colonies with abundant aerial mycelium, which became pink with yellow-orange spots and red pigmentation in the agar. Few spores and oval microconidia were observed. Macroconidia were hyperbolically curved, with 3 to 5 marked septa, wide central cells, slightly sharp apexes, and basal cells with foot shape. Terminal and intercalary chlamydospores, alone or in chain, usually unicellular and globose, were also recorded. The pathogenicity was tested under growth chamber conditions. Sets of seven healthy watermelon seedlings of the Sugar Red variety were inoculated with the isolates of F. brachygibbosum. Three disks (8 mm in diameter) of mycelia grown on PDA were placed around the roots of each plantlet. Pots were maintained at 27 ± 0.1°C for 14 days with a photoperiod of 12 h. Seven uninoculated seedlings were used as a control. After 10 or 14 days, all inoculated seedlings showed the typical disease symptoms as lesions of variable size and light brown-colored at neck and root, causing wilting of leaves or the whole plant. Seedlings without inoculum were free from infection and disease symptoms. The fungus was reisolated from the inoculated seedlings, confirmed as F. brachygibbosum by sequencing of rDNA-ITS and confirmed by morphological characteristics as described by Padwick (1945). To our knowledge, this is the first description of this pathogen causing wilting on watermelon. Mexico is the world's 11th largest producer of watermelon and the main exporter of watermelon in the world, providing 22.9% of this fruit in the world trade. In the last decade, Mexican exports have grown at an average annual rate of 8% and its main targets are the United States, Canada, and the Netherlands (FAOSTAT, 2014). In this regard, knowledge of fungal soilborne pathogens in cultivated watermelon is necessary.References:FAOSTAT. 2014. http://faostat3.fao.org/faostatgateway/go/to/compare/Q/QC/S. Google ScholarMirhosseini, H. A., et al. 2014. J. Plant Pathol. 96:431. Google ScholarPadwick, P. A. 1945. Mycol. Pap. 12:11. Google ScholarWhite, T. J., et al. 1990. PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Crossref, Google ScholarDetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 99, No. 5 May 2015SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Metrics Article History Issue Date: 29 May 2015Published: 29 May 2015First Look: 23 Dec 2014Accepted: 10 Dec 2014 Pages: 729-729 Information© 2015 The American Phytopathological SocietyCited byGenetic Diversity and Potential Inoculum Sources of Fusarium Species Causing Cankers in Bareroot-Propagated Almond Trees in California NurseriesAbigail J. Stack, Stephen M. Marek, Thomas R. Gordon, and Richard M. 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